- Isiteshi sokuvikela amakhasimende sihlanganisa ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi, ukuthobela imithetho, kanye neziteshi zolwazi zangaphakathi ukuze kutholakale futhi kulawulwe izingozi.
- Umthethonqubo (GDPR, NIS2, Law 2/2023) ukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kweziteshi zokubika kanye nezinqubo zokwazisa ukwephulwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu.
- Umsebenzisi akabe esalokhu eyisixhumi esibuthakathaka futhi uba yinzwa eyisihluthulelo, ngenxa yokuqwashisa okuqhubekayo kanye nezindlela ezicacile neziphephile zokubika izehlakalo.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinsizakalo eziphethwe, amapulatifomu okubika, kanye nezeluleko zomthetho kuguqula ukuphepha kube yithuba lebhizinisi lesiteshi se-ICT.
La Ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi akuseyona nje i-firewall, i-antivirus, noma izixazululo zamafuNgokwandayo, ukugxila kuwukuthi izinhlangano zingalalela, zivikele, futhi ziphendule kanjani kunoma yisiphi isigameko esithinta idatha nabantu. Kulesi simo, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "isiteshi sokuvikela amakhasimende" kuba yingxenye ebalulekile: isethi yezindlela, izinqubo, kanye nezinsizakalo ezenzelwe ukuvumela abasebenzisi, abasebenzi, abahlinzeki, kanye nabanye abathintekayo ukuthi babike ngokuphephile nangokuphumelelayo izinkinga zokuphepha, ukwephulwa kwedatha, noma ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwezimfuneko zomthetho, kukhona inkinga ecacile eyisisekelo: Umsebenzisi usephenduke waba umugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela kusukela ekuboneni njengomuntu obuthakathaka.Ukuze lokhu kusebenze, izinkampani zidinga ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, izinsizakalo eziphethwe, isiteshi esinamandla sokubika ngemfihlo, izinqubo ezicacile zokusingatha ukwephulwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu, futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, isiko lokuqwashisa kanye nokuxhumana okuqhubekayo. Ake sihlaziye yonke le nqubo ngokuningiliziwe.
Iyini ngempela isiteshi sokuvikela amakhasimende ekuphepheni kwe-inthanethi?
Uma sikhuluma ngesiteshi sokuvikela amakhasimende, sibhekisela ku- isethi yeziteshi, amathuluzi nezinsizakalo ezivumela ukutholakala, ukuxhumana kanye nokuphathwa kwezingozi zokuphepha ezithinta amakhasimende, abasebenzi, kanye nenhlangano uqobo. Akuyona ibhokisi leposi elilodwa noma ifomu, kodwa uhlelo oluhlanganisa ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi, ukuthobela imithetho, ukuvikelwa kwedatha, kanye namasiko ezinkampani.
Lolu hlelo lokusebenza luhlanganisa kusukela iziteshi eziveza amahemuhemu kanye nezinhlelo zolwazi zangaphakathi, okuhlanganisa nezinsizakalo zokuphendula ezigamekweni, ukutholwa nokuphendula okuphethwe (i-MDR), ama-SOC aphethwe, kanye nezindlela ezithile zokubika ukwephulwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu kwigunya eliphethe kanye nabantu abathintekayo. Konke lokhu kusekelwa yizinhlaka zomthetho ezifana ne-GDPR, i-NIS2, kanye noMthetho 2/2023 eSpain.
Izinhlangano ezithuthuke kakhulu zikhetha izixazululo ezithi hlela izilawuli zobuchwepheshe nezenhlangano ngokumelene nezinhlaka ezahlukene zomthethoLokhu kubavumela ukuthi babonise kubahloli bamabhuku, amabhodi abaqondisi, kanye nabalawuli ukuthi baphatha ngempela ubungozi futhi balandela imithethonqubo. Yilapho ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obukhethekile namapulatifomu akwazi ukuhumusha izidingo zomthetho zibe yizilawuli ezilinganisekayo kuqala khona.
Le ndlela iguqula umthetho ube yithuba: Isiteshi asisaphenduli nje ezinkingeni, kodwa sisiza ekuzivimbeleniukubhala phansi ukucophelela kwenkampani nokuthola ukwethenjwa kumakhasimende, abalingani kanye nezinhlangano eziqondisayo.
Ithuba lesiteshi: kusukela esibophweni sokulawula kuya enanini lebhizinisi
Emkhakheni weziteshi zokusabalalisa i-ICT kanye nezinsizakalo zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi, imithethonqubo isibe injini yebhizinisi ephezuluIzinhlangano eziningi zicacile ukuthi kumele zilandele izinhlaka ezifana ne-GDPR, i-NIS2 noma uMthetho Wokuvikela Abaphenyi, kodwa azazi ukuthi ziqale kuphi noma ukuthi zingakubonisa kanjani lokho kuthobela ngendlela eqinile.
Abakhiqizi bezokuphepha kanye nabathengisi bezitolo ezinkulu bayathumela Izinsizakusebenza ezithile zokusekela izinkampani kanye nabalingani endleleni yabo yokuthobela imithethoLokhu kufaka phakathi iziqondiso, amathempulethi emibiko yabaphathi, amathuluzi okuhlanganisa izilawuli nemithethonqubo ethile, izinsizakalo zokuhlola ukuhambisana nomthetho, kanye nezixazululo zobuchwepheshe eziqoqa ubufakazi ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Umlingani oqonda lo mongo uyazi ukuthi Ukulawula akuyona nje "ikhanda elibuhlungu" kumakhasimende, kodwa kuyisizathu esiphelele sokuvula izingxoxo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezinhlangano ezazingabheki ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi njengento eza kuqala kuze kube manje. Ukunikeza izinsizakalo zokweluleka ngemithetho (ukuhlolwa kwezimali, izinhlelo zokuthobela imithetho, imibiko yamakomidi okuphatha) kudala umugqa omusha webhizinisi onezinzuzo ezinhle.
Kule ndima, isiteshi sisebenza njenge umeluleki othembekile kanye nomlingani wamasuukusiza ekuhumusheni imibhalo yezomthetho eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ibe yizinyathelo eziqondile: izinsizakalo eziphethwe, amaphrojekthi okuqalisa, izinhlelo zokumelana nobunzima, ukulingisa izehlakalo, izinqubo zesaziso sokwephulwa komthetho, njll. Ukuthobela imithetho akusabhekwa "njengesibopho esinzima" futhi kuqala ukubonwa njengendlela yokuqinisa ukuvikelwa okuphelele kwenhlangano.
Ubunikazi, idatha yamafu kanye nokuqina kwe-cyber: izisekelo zemodeli entsha
Eminyakeni ezayo, iningi lebhizinisi lezokuphepha lizokwakhiwa eduze ama-vector amathathu amakhulu: ubunikazi, idatha yamafu, kanye nokuqina kwe-cyberLezi yizindawo lapho kukhona khona ingcindezi enkulu yokulawula, ukuchayeka okukhulu engozini, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuzimisela okukhulu kokutshala imali.
Ubunikazi bedijithali buzoqhubeka nokuba insika ebalulekileUkwebiwa kweziqinisekiso, ukuntshontshwa kwe-akhawunti, ukuzenza ongeyena umphathi, ukuyekethisa kwe-akhawunti yangaphakathi... Zonke lezi zimo zidinga inhlanganisela yokuqinisekiswa okuqinile, ukuphathwa kobunikazi obuthuthukisiwe kanye nokufinyelela (IAM), ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, kanye nengxenye eqinile yokuqwashisa abasebenzisi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuvikelwa kwedatha ezindaweni zamafu kanye nezindawo zokugcina akusagcini nje ngokufaka isofthiwe yokulwa namagciwane kanye nesisombululo sokusekelayo: Inani lisekuhleleni konke lokhu ngaphakathi kwensizakalo ephethwe kahle.eqapha, ithole, futhi iphendule njalo ezigamekweni. Yilapho-ke ama-SOC aphethwe, izinsizakalo ze-MDR, kanye namapulatifomu okuqhubeka kwebhizinisi kufaneleka khona.
Ukuqina kwe-cyber kwethula umqondo wokuthi Akwanele ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa: kufanele ukubone ngesikhathi, uphendule ngokushesha, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi uyalulama.Isiteshi sokuvikela amakhasimende sithatha ngqo kule filosofi, ngoba uhlelo lolwazi lwangaphakathi oluhle, isiteshi esiklanywe kahle sokubika, kanye nokuphathwa kokwephulwa kwedatha okuhlelekile kubalulekile ekuboniseni ukuqina kunoma yimuphi umthelela.
Ngakho-ke imigqa enenzuzo kakhulu yesiteshi izoba yileyo hlanganisa ubunikazi, indawo yokugcina, ifu, kanye nokuqina ngaphakathi kwezinsizakalo eziphethwe ngendlela ethuthukisiweUkunikeza izinkontileka eziphindaphindayo, ama-SLA acacile, kanye nobudlelwano bamakhasimende besikhathi eside. Ozakwethu abahlanganisa lezi zinsizakalo, basebenzisa abasabalalisi abanenani elanele, banganciphisa isikhathi sokumaketha kanye nokukhula ngisho nangaphakathi kwesigaba sama-SME.
Umsebenzisi njengomugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela: kusukela “ephutheni lomuntu” kuya ekuziphatheni okuphethwe
Sekuyiminyaka kuphindaphindwa lokho "Umsebenzisi uyisixhumanisi esibuthakathaka kakhulu kulolu chungechunge"Kodwa-ke, ngezinga lamanje lobuchwepheshe bokuhlaselwa kwe-inthanethi, lesi sitatimende asisebenzi kahle futhi, ezimweni eziningi, asilungile. Ukugxila akusekho kakhulu ekusoleni umsebenzisi, kodwa ekuphatheni ukuziphatha kwakhe ukuze kube yimpahla yokuphepha.
Iningi lezehlakalo ezihilela abantu zibangelwa ukuntuleka kolwazi kanye namasu obunjiniyela bezenhlalo acwengekile kakhuluUbugebengu bokweba imininingwane nge-imeyili, ukukhwabanisa nge-SMS, izingcingo ezidlala ngokuphuthumayo noma ukwesaba, amaphasiwedi abuthakathaka, izixhumanisi ezinonya ezivulwa "ngokushesha"... Abahlaseli basebenzisa amaphethini abantu: ukuthembela ezinhlotsheni ezithile, ukucindezeleka kwesikhathi, ukwesaba ukulahlekelwa yimali noma ukufinyelela isevisi.
Ngokukhula kwe-AI ekhiqizayo, kuye kwavela izinsongo ezintsha, njengokuthi Ama-Deepfake ezwi, ividiyo noma isithombeLaba bakhwabanisi bayakwazi ukuzenza abaphathi, abaphakeli, noma amakhasimende ukuze baphoqe izinkokhelo zokukhwabanisa noma bakhiphe ulwazi. Zonke izinkomba zithi lolu hlobo lokukhwabanisa luzokhula, okwenza ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzisi kanye nekhono lokusola okunengqondo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ushintsho endleleni yokucabanga luhilela ukuyeka ukukhuluma kuphela “ngamaphutha abantu” nokugxila ukuziphatha komuntu okuphethweLokhu kuhilela ukunikeza abantu ulwazi, izibonelo ezisebenzayo, izinqubo ezilula, kanye nezindlela ezicacile zokubika noma yikuphi ukungabaza noma izehlakalo ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuphindiselelwa noma ukuhlekwa usulu.
Kule modeli entsha yokuphepha egxile kubantu, Ubuchwepheshe, izinqubo, kanye nabantu basebenza ngendlela ehlanganisiweIsisebenzi esithola i-imeyili esolisayo, esingabaza lapho sibhekene nesicelo esingajwayelekile, noma esibika ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile eqenjini laso sisebenza njengohlelo lokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi, ngokuvamile olushesha kakhulu kunanoma yiluphi uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo.
Indawo yomuntu siqu uma kuqhathaniswa nendawo yenkampani: izingozi ezahlukene, umsebenzisi ofanayo
Ezingeni lomuntu siqu, izakhamuzi ziyi- okuhloswe kakhulu yizigebengu ze-inthanethi ngoba bavame ukungavikeleki kakhulu futhi balondoloza imikhuba engaphephile: ukusebenzisa kabusha amaphasiwedi, ukugcina amanothi ephepheni anemininingwane ebucayi, ukuntuleka kwezibuyekezo, kanye nokuthembela ngokweqile ezingcingweni noma emilayezweni engalindelekile.
Imikhuba emihle eyisisekelo efana Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi ahlukile naqinile, vumela ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, futhi ugcine amadivayisi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zisesikhathini. Lokhu kubalulekile. Kunjalo nangokugcina isimo sengqondo sokugxeka ngama-imeyili, imiyalezo yombhalo, noma izingcingo ezicela idatha, amakhodi, noma imvume yokuthengiselana okuphuthumayo. Uma kukhona ukuphikelela ngokweqile noma ukuphuthuma okuvela koxhumana naye "osemthethweni ngokwemfundiso", kungcono ukuma uqinisekise ngeziteshi ezisemthethweni.
Ezingeni lomuntu siqu, imiphumela yokukhwabanisa kwedijithali, ukwebiwa kobunikazi, noma ukuntshontshwa kwe-akhawunti kungaba ngokwezomnotho, idumela kanye nemizwaYingakho imfundo yokuphepha kwe-inthanethi kufanele ibe yingxenye yempilo yedijithali yansuku zonke, njengokuvikela ubumfihlo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana noma ukuqaphela lokho owabelana ngakho esidlangalaleni.
Esimweni senkampani, isimo sihlukile ngobukhulu, kodwa sifana kakhulu: Izinkampani zitshale imali eningi kwezobuchwepheshe (izicishamlilo, i-EDR, i-SIEM, ukutholwa okuthuthukisiwe)Kodwa-ke, imibiko yezehlakalo ikhombisa ukuthi isici somuntu sisakhona emaphesentini aphezulu kakhulu okuhlaselwa okuphumelelayo.
Ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi obuqondiwe, ukuyekethisa kuma-akhawunti angaphakathi, ukukhwabanisa kwabaphathi bebhizinisi (i-BEC), ukungalungiseki kahle ngenxa yokuntuleka kolwazi… Zonke lezi zindlela zokulawula zisebenzisa ubuthakathaka bomuntu.Ubuchwepheshe bubodwa abukwazi ukuvikela inhlangano uma abantu bengahilelekile ngenkuthalo esu lokuphepha futhi bengenazo izindlela ezicacile zokucela usizo noma ukubika izinsolo.
Ukuqwashisa nokuxhumana: amandla ashukumisayo ngemuva kwesiteshi sokuvikela
Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokuqwashisa yi- nciphisa ukuqeqeshwa kube yisifundo esisodwa saminyaka yonke esidingekayo bese ukhohlwa ngaso sonke isikhathiLe ndlela ayivamile ukukhiqiza izinguquko zangempela ekuziphatheni, ngoba ukuphepha akuhlanganisiswa neseshini eyodwa yethiyori.
Ukukhulisa ulwazi okuphumelelayo kumele kube okuqhubekayo, okunesimo, okusebenzayo futhi okulinganisekayoKuyaqhubeka, ngoba ukuhlaselwa kuyashintsha futhi abantu bayakhohlwa; ngokwesimo, ngoba ukuqeqesha uchwepheshe wezezimali akufani nokuqeqesha uchwepheshe; kuyasebenza, ngoba izibonelo zangempela kanye nokulingisa i-phishing kusiza "ukwehlisa" ingozi; futhi kuyalinganiswa, ngezinkomba ezibonisa ukuthi ukuchofoza ezixhumanisini ezinonya kuyancipha noma ukuthi imibiko yokuqala iyanda.
Ukulingisa i-phishing, izikhumbuzo ezimfushane ngezikhathi ezibalulekile, imikhankaso yangaphakathi enezibonelo eziqondakalayo, kanye impendulo enhle uma othile enza kahle Zivame ukusebenza kangcono kakhulu kunezingxoxo ezigcwele amagama angavamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isiteshi sokubika kanye nezinqubo zokubika izehlakalo zihlanganisiwe, umsebenzisi uzokwazi kahle ukuthi yini okufanele ayenze uma ethola into engavamile.
Indlela oxhumana ngayo ibaluleke njengokuqukethwe: imiyalezo ecacile, ulimi olungeyona eyobuchwepheshe, kanye nezibonelo zansuku zonke mayelana nendlela esingakhohliswa ngayo. Amabhange, opharetha, izinkampani zamandla, kanye nezinye izinhlangano ezithembekile zidlala indima ebalulekile uma zichaza ngokucacile lokho ezingasoze zakucela ngocingo noma ngeposi nokuthi umsebenzisi angaqinisekisa kanjani noma yikuphi ukuxhumana okusolisayo.
Lapho ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi kuyeka ukubhekwa “njengento yesayensi yekhompyutha” futhi kudluliselwa njenge umthwalo wemfanelo owabiwe lapho umsebenzisi engumlingisi oyinhlokoLo muntu uqala ukuzizwa njengengxenye esebenzayo yokuvikelwa kwakhe kanye nokwenhlangano.
Ukwephulwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu: isibopho sokwazisa nokuphatha
Ingxenye ebalulekile yesiteshi sokuvikela amakhasimende iyindlela efanele ukuphathwa kokwephulwa kwedatha yomuntu siquNgokusho kwe-GDPR, ukwephulwa kwedatha yinoma yisiphi isigameko sokuphepha esiholela ekubhujisweni, ekulahlekelweni, ekuguqulweni, ekudalulweni okungagunyaziwe noma ekufinyeleleni idatha yomuntu siqu ecutshungulwa umlawuli.
Lezi zikhala zingabangela umonakalo ongokwenyama, wezinto ezibonakalayo noma ongewona obalulekile kubantuKusukela ekulahlekelweni ngokwezimali kuya ekulimaleni kwedumela noma ngokomzwelo, i-General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) ibeka izibopho eziqinile kubalawuli bedatha lapho kwenzeka ukwephulwa okungabeka engcupheni amalungelo nenkululeko yabantu abasebenzisa idatha.
Isigaba 33 se-GDPR sithi, uma ingozi enjalo ingase ibe khona, Inhlangano kumele yazise igunya eliphethe elifanele ngokuphulwa komthetho zingakapheli amahora angama-72. ngokushesha nje lapho uqaphela ngalesi sigameko. ESpain, lokhu ngokuvamile kusho ukwazisa i-Spanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD), ngaphandle kwamacala athile ahilela iziphathimandla zesifunda.
Umlawuli wedatha kumele ahlole izinga lengozi: Uma kukhona ingozi, iziphathimandla ziyaziswa; uma ingozi inkulu, ukwephulwa kwemithetho kwaziswa nabantu abathintekile.ngokuhambisana ne-Athikili 34 ye-GDPR. Ukuze kusizwe kulo msebenzi, i-Spanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD) inikeza amathuluzi anjengoMluleki we-BRECHA kanye neziqondiso ezithile zokubika ukwephulwa kwedatha.
Izaziso ze-AEPD kumele zenziwe ngogesi ngamafomu aseNdlunkulu yayo ye-elekthronikhiukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izidingo ezisemthethweni ze-Athikili 33.3 ziyahlangatshezwa. Lesi saziso siyingxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “umthwalo wemfanelo osebenzayo” we-GDPR, futhi iqiniso lokwazisa ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esibekiwe libhekwa njengesibonakaliso sokukhuthala, hhayi ukuvuma ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwephulwa komthetho.
Ngisho noma iqembu elinomthwalo wemfanelo liphetha ngokuthi alanele ingozi yokwazisa igunya, kuyadingeka ukuthi ibhale phansi ngaphakathi noma yikuphi ukwephulwa kwezokuphephaLo mbhalo uchaza amaqiniso, imiphumela, kanye nezinyathelo zokulungisa ezithathiwe. Futhi uyingxenye yesiteshi sokuvikela, njengoba ubonisa emphakathini, uma kwenzeka ukuhlolwa, ukuthi inhlangano ihlaziye lesi sigameko futhi yenza ngokufanele.
Isiteshi sokumemezela izindaba njengento ebalulekile
Ngaphakathi kwesiteshi sokuvikela amakhasimende, Isiteshi sangaphakathi sokubika izimfihlo sesibe yisibopho esisemthethweni kwezinhlangano eziningi. Isiqondiso (i-EU) 2019/1937, esaziwa ngokuthi i-Whistleblowing Directive, kanye noMthetho 2/2023 eSpain sidinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zolwazi zangaphakathi ezinkampanini zomphakathi kanye nasezinkampanini ezizimele ezinezisebenzi ezingamashumi amahlanu noma ngaphezulu, phakathi kwezinye izimo.
Lesi siteshi sivumela abasebenzi, abalingani, kanye nabanye abantu abaxhumene nenhlangano ukuthi... Bika noma yikuphi ukwephulwa okungenzeka noma ukuziphatha okungajwayelekileInkohlakalo, ukukhwabanisa, ukungalandeli imithetho, ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezezimali, njll. Umgomo ukuthola nokulungisa izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zibhebhetheke, ukuvikela ababiki bezindaba ekuphindiselelweni, nokuqinisa ukucaca kanye nokuziphatha okuhle kwenkampani.
Umthetho 2/2023 eSpain wandisa ububanzi bokuvikelwa obuvela kumuntu siqu: Abasebenzi, abasebenza ngokuzimela, izisebenzi zokuzithandela, abaqeqeshwayo, abaqeqeshwayo, izinkontileka, izinkontileka ezingaphansi, kanye nabaphakeli bangafaka izikhalazo. ngisho nabantu abanobudlelwano bomsebenzi obungakaqali, isibonelo, ezinqubweni zokukhetha noma ezingxoxweni ngaphambi kwenkontileka.
Kudingeka babe nomzila wokubika, phakathi kwezinye izinto, Izinhlangano zomphakathi nezizimele ezinezisebenzi ezingama-50 noma ngaphezulu, izinkampani ezisemikhakheni elawulwayo (izinsizakalo nemikhiqizo yezezimali, ezokuthutha, imvelo, ukuvimbela ukuhlanzwa kwemali kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphekula)Amaqembu ezepolitiki, izinyunyana zabasebenzi, izinhlangano zebhizinisi kanye nezikhungo zazo lapho ziphatha izimali zomphakathi, kanye nazo zonke izinhlangano ezakha umkhakha womphakathi.
Izikhathi zokusebenzisa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu kanye nohlobo lwenhlangano: Izinkampani ezinezisebenzi ezingaphezu kuka-249 zinesikhathi sezinyanga ezintathu sokuyithumelaIzinkampani ezinabasebenzi abaphakathi kuka-50 no-249, kanye nomasipala abanezakhamuzi ezingaphansi kuka-10.000, zinezinyanga ezingu-9 zokuthobela lesi sibopho.
Izidingo ezibalulekile zesiteshi esiphumelelayo sokubika ngemfihlo
Ukuze isiteshi sokubika sisebenze njengesiteshi sokuvikela sangempela futhi sihambisane nemithethonqubo, Kumelwe iklanywe ngochungechunge lweziqinisekiso ezincane. ezivikela ubunikazi bomuntu onolwazi futhi ziqinisekise ukuphathwa okufanele kokuxhumana.
Phakathi kwezimfuneko ezifanele kakhulu sithola ukuthi ubumfihlo bokuthi ungubani umuntu obika imibikoukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukuvuza okungaholela ekuphindiseleleni noma ekubandlululweni. Ukuguquguquka kwezindlela nakho kubalulekile: isiteshi kumele samukele kokubili izikhalazo ezibhaliwe kanye nezomlomo, ukuze noma ubani akwazi ukusebenzisa indlela ayithola ilula kakhulu.
Uhlelo ludinga ukuhlanganiswa ne- izinqubo zangaphakathi ezikhona ngaphakathi kwenhlanganoUkuhlonipha uphenyo olusekiwe, ukugcinwa kwemininingwane, kanye nezinqubo zokubika. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uphenyo lwamaqiniso kumele lube ngoluzimele, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka noma ukubandlulula, futhi lube neziqinisekiso zokungakhethi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- Ukukhuthazwa okusebenzayo kwesiteshi kanye nolwazi olucacile kubo bonke abasebenzi mayelana nokuba khona kwayo, ukusebenza kwayo, ububanzi bayo, kanye nokuvikelwa ekuphindiselelweni. Umzila ophelele ephepheni awusizi ngalutho uma abasebenzi bengazi ngakho noma bengakwethembi.
Okokugcina, kumele kube khona indlela eqinile yokwamukela, ukubhalisa kanye nokuphatha izikhalazonesikhulu esiqokiwe noma iyunithi eqinisekisa ukuzimela, ubumfihlo, ukuvikelwa kwedatha, kanye nobumfihlo bokuxhumana. Le yunithi izohlanganisa izenzo, izinyathelo zokulungisa, kanye, lapho kufaneleka khona, ukuxhumana neziphathimandla ezifanele.
Izijeziso zezimali zokwehluleka ukuhambisana nesibopho sokuba nomzila zingaba ziphezulu kakhulu: Kubantu ngabanye, kusukela kuma-euro ayi-1.001 kuya ku-300.000, kanye nezinhlangano zomthetho, kusukela kuma-euro ayi-10.001 kuya ku-1.000.000Ngokufanayo, izinhlawulo zibikezelwa kulabo abafaka izikhalazo ezingamanga noma abadalula ulwazi oluyimfihlo ngazo.
Izibonelo zamapulatifomu eziteshi eziveza ulwazi oluyimfihlo kanye nezinsizakalo ezihlobene nazo
Kuvele izixazululo eziningi zobuchwepheshe emakethe ezisiza izinhlangano ukuthi Sebenzisa iziteshi zokubika ngokuhambisana noMthetho 2/2023 kanye nohlaka lwaseYurophuukubahlanganisa nesu labo lokuphepha kwe-inthanethi kanye nokuthobela imithetho.
Amanye amapulatifomu anikeza isiteshi esifinyeleleka kalula 24/7/365, ngewebhu, i-imeyili kanye nocingo lwamahhalaLokhu kuvumela ukuthi izikhalazo zifakwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi futhi kunoma iyiphi idivayisi enoxhumano lwe-inthanethi. Ezinye zivumela ukusebenza ezingeni lenkampani noma ngesikhungo somsebenzi, ukuhlukanisa amazinga engozi (ukungahambi kahle, ukwephulwa kwemithetho, ubugebengu obungaba khona) kanye nokuphatha amaqembu ahlukene abathintekayo: abasebenzi, abaphakeli, amakhasimende, njll.
Izici ezivamile zifaka phakathi Amafomu avikelekile okufaka izikhalazo (nenketho yokunamathisela amadokhumenti, izithombe, noma amavidiyo)Ukuqoshwa kosuku nesikhathi, ukukhishwa kwemibhalo yokuvuma ye-PDF ezenzakalelayo, ukukhiqizwa kwamakhodi okulandelela omangalelwa, kanye nokuxhumana okungaziwa phakathi komangalelwa nomphathi wesiteshi.
Izixazululo eziningi ziyatholakala ngezilimi eziningi, Basebenzisa amasu okungaziwa kanye nokuqamba igama eliyimfihlo kudatha engafaneleZiqopha ngokuzenzakalelayo umsebenzi womsebenzisi ngamunye futhi zidale amalogi emicimbi, kokubili ngokuzenzakalela nangokwesandla. Ngokuvamile zifaka phakathi izindawo zokugcina amadokhumenti, izaziso ezizenzakalelayo, ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili, kanye nokuthunyelwa ezikhungweni zedatha ezinezitifiketi zokuphepha ezifana ne-ISO 27001 noma i-ENS.
Indlela ethakazelisayo yile yezinkampani zomthetho ezithi Basingatha izikhalazo okokuqala ukuze bagweme ukungqubuzana kwezintshisekelo zangaphakathi futhi kuqiniswe ubumfihlo. Lawa mapulatifomu, abethelwe ngezinqubo ze-SSL, asusa idatha yesikhalazo ngemva kwesikhathi esisemthethweni (isibonelo, izinyanga ezintathu ngemva kokuphela kophenyo), futhi avumela ummangali ukuthi ahlale engaziwa ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Kanye nobuchwepheshe, abahlinzeki abaningi banikeza izinsizakalo zokusekela zomthetho nezobuchwepheshe: iseluleko esikhethekile ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphathwa kwezikhalazo, ukucushwa kwama-imeyili esaziso, ukwesekwa ekubhalweni kwezinqubomgomo zangaphakathi kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwaminyaka yonke kokuqwashisa ngokuphepha kwe-inthanethi kwabasebenzi.
Hlanganisa isiteshi sokubika, ukuphathwa kwezikhala, kanye nezinsizakalo eziphethwe
Ukuze isiteshi sokuvikela amakhasimende sisebenze kahle ngempela, akwanele nje ukufaka ipulatifomu yokubika bese uqedela amaphepha. Kuyadingeka... ukuhlanganisa ngokuhambisanayo isiteshi sokubika, izinqubo zokuphatha ukwephulwa kwedatha, kanye nezinsizakalo zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi eziphethwe (I-SOC, i-MDR, ukuqapha, impendulo yezehlakalo).
Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuvumela noma yisiphi isexwayiso esiza ngesiteshi (isibonelo, isisebenzi esithola ukuvuza kolwazi noma ukufinyelela okusolisayo) sebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinqubo zobuchwepheshe nezomthetho ezihambisanayoNgakho-ke, i-SOC ingaphenya ngalesi sigameko ngenkathi ithimba lokuthobela imithetho kanye nokuvikelwa kwedatha lihlola ukuthi ngabe ukwephulwa komthetho kufanele kubikwe eziphathimandleni kanye nalabo abathintekile.
Indlela ehlanganisiwe isiza isiteshi ukuba inzwa yangempela yengozi yenhlanganolapho kuhlangana khona izehlakalo zokuphepha, ukungalandeli imithetho, ukukhwabanisa kwangaphakathi, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamalungelo noma noma yikuphi ukuziphatha okungathinta amakhasimende, abasebenzi noma idumela lenkampani.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imibiko yabaphathi etholakala kula mathuluzi iyasiza ekwenzeni amabhodi abaqondisi namakomidi ezingozi ukuze benze izinqumo ezinolwaziLokhu kuhlanganisa ukwaba isabelomali, ukubeka phambili amaphrojekthi, nokubonisa ukucophelela okufanele kubahloli bamabhuku nabalawuli. Umphumela uba isimo sokuphepha esivuthiwe nesizinzile.
Ezingeni lesiteshi se-IT, ozakwethu abakwaziyo ukupakisha izixazululo zobuchwepheshe, izinsizakalo zokuqapha, izeluleko zomthetho, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzisi Bazozibeka njengabalingani besikhathi eside abanamasungenzuzo ephindaphindayo kanye nesiphakamiso senani okunzima ukusishintsha.
Lonke lolu chungechunge lwemithethonqubo, ubuchwepheshe, izinqubo, kanye nabantu luhlangana ngomqondo owodwa olula: Isiteshi esihle sokuvikela amakhasimende ekuphepheni kwe-inthanethi siguqula ubuthakathaka bomsebenzisi obubonakala buyikhono elibalulekile.Uma izinsizakalo eziphethwe, ukuphathwa kokwephulwa okuqinile, isiteshi sokubika esiqinile, ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo, kanye nokuxhumana okucacile kuhlanganiswa, izinhlangano azigcini nje ngokuthobela umthetho kodwa futhi zithuthukisa ngokusobala ikhono lazo lokuvimbela, ukuthola, nokuphendula ezinsongweni zedijithali, okuqinisa ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende, abasebenzi, abaphakeli, kanye nabalawuli endleleni yabo yokwenza izinto.