- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile kubalwa phakathi kuka-2,5% no-8% we-GDP yaseSpain, okunomthelela omkhulu ezindleleni ezingaqondile kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza.
- Ngo-2025 izindleko zingafinyelela kuma-euro ayizigidigidi eziyi-130.780, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimali okuphezulu kwezempilo kanye nezinkinga zezokwelapha ezihlobene ezingaphezu kuka-200.
- Ukunciphisa isisindo okumaphakathi (5-10%) noma okukhulu (20-25%) kungadala ukonga amashumi ezigidigidi kanye nentuthuko enkulu ekhwalithini yokuphila.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinqubomgomo zomphakathi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, kanye nokwelashwa kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ubhubhane kanye nomonakalo walo kwezomnotho.
La Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile sekuyinto ebuhlungu kakhulu ESpain, akugcini nje ngokuthinta impilo yezigidi zabantu, kodwa futhi kukhipha izinsiza ohlelweni lwezokunakekelwa kwempilo, emakethe yezabasebenzi, kanye nomnotho wonkana. Namuhla siyazi, ngemininingwane eqondile, ukuthi umthelela wayo kwezomnotho mkhulu kakhulu kunalokho okwakulinganiselwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule.
Kunokuba nje kube inkinga yobuhle, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyinto isifo esingamahlalakhona, esibangelwa yizinto eziningi futhi esikhula ngokusobala okuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga zezokwelapha ezingaphezu kuka-200. Konke lokhu kuholela ezigidigidini zama-euro ekusetshenzisweni kwezimali zokunakekelwa kwempilo, ikhefu lokugula, ukwehla komkhiqizo, kanye nomthwalo wezenhlalo esiwukhokhela sonke, kungaba ngentela noma ngokulahlekelwa inhlalakahle kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila.
Izindleko zokukhuluphala ngokweqile ku-GDP kanye nohlelo lokunakekelwa kwempilo
ESpain, izifundo ezahlukahlukene ziyavuma ukuthi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile sekuvele kumelela umthelela ophakathi kuka-2,5% no-8% woMkhiqizo Wezwe Wonke (i-GDP)Lolu hlu luncike ekutheni izindleko zilinganiswa kanjani nokuthi zingaki izinkinga ezihlobene nazo ezifakiwe ekuhlaziyweni. Lubonisa kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwezimali eziqondile kwezempilo kanye nemiphumela emikhulu engaqondile emnothweni.
Olunye uhlaziyo oluphelele kakhulu, oluqashwe yi-Weber Foundation yenkampani yemithi iLilly, lulinganisela ukuthi Izindleko eziphelele zokusinda ngokweqile eSpain zizofinyelela kuma-euro ayizigidigidi eziyi-130.780 ngo-2025Lona umbiko wokuqala ohlinzeka ngezibalo ezinemininingwane ngomthelela wezomnotho nowezenhlalo wezinkinga ezihlobene nokukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile ezweni lethu, okuhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, ukulahlekelwa komkhiqizo, kanye neminye imiphumela yomphakathi.
Lo msebenzi wawusekelwe ocwaningweni lokusetshenziswa kwemali kwezempilo okuhlobene Izinkinga eziyi-18 ezivamile ezihlotshaniswa nokukhuluphala ngokweqileLokhu kufaka phakathi isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, izimo zokuphefumula ezahlukahlukene njenge-asthma, izinkinga zemisipha, kanye nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka. Imodeli ihlaziya ukuthi izindleko ziyahlukahluka kanjani ngokuya ngezimo ezahlukene zokulahlekelwa isisindo, okubonisa ngokusobala "izindleko zokungenzi lutho" lapho kubhekene nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.
Uma lezi zinkinga zezokwelapha eziyi-18 zicatshangelwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, ucwaningo lulinganisela ukuthi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile Idla cishe u-8% we-GDP yaseSpain.Uma ukuhlaziywa kukhawulelwe ezinkingeni ezinhlanu ezinkulu kuphela, inani licishe libe ngu-3%. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi lapho ukugxila kakhulu ezifweni ezihlobene, kulapho izindleko zangempela ezihlobene nokukhuluphala ziba ziphakeme khona.
Omunye umsebenzi wokubhekisela, oholwa yisazi sezomnotho sezempilo UJaume Puig Junoy, ilinganisela ukuthi izindleko eziqondile nezingaqondile zokukhuluphala zifinyelela 25.700 billion euros eSpainLokhu kuhambelana cishe no-2,5% we-GDP. Lokhu kubalwa kusekelwe ekubuyekezweni kwezifundo eziyisishiyagalombili zaseYurophu mayelana nomthelela wezomnotho wokukhuluphala futhi kufaka phakathi kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye nokulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukwehla kokukhiqiza kanye nokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwezindleko: ukunakekelwa kwempilo, okungaqondile nokungaphatheki
Elinye lamaphuzu abalulekile alolu hlaziyo ukuthi, lapho izindleko zokukhuluphala zihlukaniswa, Iningi lomthwalo liwela ezindlekweni ezingaqondile.Okusho ukuthi, okulahlekile ngenxa yekhefu lokugula, ukukhubazeka, ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokusebenza kahle emsebenzini, okungaphezu kwemali esetshenziswa ekubonisaneni nodokotela, ekuhlolweni nasekulashweni.
Ezingeni laseYurophu, isilinganiso sezindleko zokukhuluphala ngokweqile e-European Union silinganiselwa cishe 1,96% we-GDP, cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-15.357 ezweni ngalinyeISpain ingaphezulu kancane kwalesi silinganiso, kokubili njengephesenti le-GDP kanye nomthwalo wezomnotho ophelele ohlotshaniswa nobunzima obukhulu. Izindleko eziningi, futhi, ziwela ezindlekweni ezingaqondile, ezingabalelwa ezingxenyeni ezimbili kwezintathu zesamba.
Amazwe ane- izinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwempilo ezimbi kakhulu kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuncane ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni ukukhuluphala ngokweqile Lezi zimo zivame ukubangela umthwalo omkhulu wezomnotho. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuntuleka kokungenelela kusenesikhathi kuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwezinsiza zesibhedlela, isikhathi eside sekhefu lokugula, kanye nokwehla okukhulu kokukhiqiza emsebenzini.
Ngaphezu kokwabiwa kwezempilo nokukhiqiza, kukhona okubizwa ngokuthi izindleko ezingabonakaliokuhlobene nokwehla kwekhwalithi yokuphila, ubuhlungu, ukulinganiselwa kokusebenza, ukucwaswa emphakathini, noma izinkinga zengqondo ezihlobene nokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Ucwaningo lwe-Weber Foundation lulinganisela ukuthi ngo-2025 kuphela, uma kucatshangelwa isimo sokwehla kwesisindo okumaphakathi, izinzuzo zomphakathi ezingabonakali zingadlula 7.353 million euro, okubonisa lokho abantu abazokuthola enhlalakahleni uma isisindo esiningi singancishiswa ngendlela eqhubekayo.
I-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) nayo ilinganise lesi simo: ngokusho kwedatha yayo, Izinkinga ezivela ngenxa yokukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile zibangela cishe u-9,7% wezindleko zezempilo eziphelele eSpain.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthelela emnothweni uholela ekulahlekelweni cishe yi-2,9% ye-GDP, okulingana nokukhiqiza cishe kwe- Izisebenzi zesikhathi esigcwele ezingu-480.000 ngonyaka.
Lezi zindleko ezengeziwe zithinta umphakathi ngqo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi Umuntu ngamunye eSpain unikela ngama-euro angu-265 entela eyengeziwe ngonyaka. ukukhokhela izindleko ezihlobene nokukhuluphala kanye nezinkinga zako, inani eliphakeme kunelamanye amazwe amaningi aseYurophu. Ngamanye amazwi, sonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sikhuluphele noma cha, sixhasa ngezimali imiphumela yalolu bhubhane.
Ukwanda kokukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala eSpain
Ubukhulu bomnotho bokukhuluphala buhlobene kakhulu nokukhula kwayo ukwanda okukhulu kwabantuESpain, idatha yamanje ikhombisa ukuthi cishe abantu abayi-15,2% bakhuluphele ngokweqile, okumelela abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-7,48. Uma kufakwa labo abakhuluphele ngokweqile, inani lenyuka laya ku-39,8% wabantu, okusho ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-27 bakhuluphele ngokweqile noma bakhuluphele ngokweqile.
Uma sibheka abantu abadala, cishe Abangu-24% bakhuluphele kakhulu kanti abangu-37% bakhuluphele kakhuluNgakho-ke, abantu abadala abangaphezu kwengxenye eSpain baphila nesisindo esingaphezu kwezinga elibhekwa njengelinempilo. La maphesenti abonisa izinguquko ezinkulu emikhubeni yokudla kanye namazinga omsebenzi womzimba emphakathini waseSpain emashumini eminyaka amuva nje.
Isimo ebuntwaneni asisakhuthazi. Ngokusho kocwaningo oluvela eCarlos III Health Institute, Oyedwa kubafana abathathu kanye noyedwa kwamantombazane amane ukhuluphele kakhuluFuthi cishe ingane eyodwa kweziyishumi, abafana namantombazane, iyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Ngamanye amazwi, inkinga iqala kusenesikhathi futhi kusenesikhathi, nemiphumela yesikhathi eside empilweni yomuntu ngamunye kanye nomnotho wezwe.
ISpain yabelana ngenkundla namazwe afana nalawa IGrisi ne-Italy ziphakathi kwamazinga aphezulu kakhulu okukhuluphala kwezingane kanye nentsha eYurophuIzici eziyingozi zifaka phakathi ukufinyelela okuphansi kwemfundo, amaphethini okudla anganele emndenini, ukunciphisa ukunamathela ekudleni kwendabuko kwaseMedithera, kanye nendlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi eqhubeka nokuba namahora amaningi esikrini kanye nomsebenzi omncane womzimba, njengokuthi isikhathi esichithwe ku-YouTube Shorts.
Kusukela ngo-1975, ukusabalala kokukhuluphala emhlabeni wonke sekuphindwe kathathu, ngenxa Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi eyandisiwe, ukutholakala njalo kokudla okusheshayo, ukudla okucutshungulwe kakhulu kanye neziphuzo ezinoshukelaISpain ayikaze ibalekele lo mkhuba, futhi idatha yamanje ikhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi ukudla kwaseMedithera kwawo-80, okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi, uwoyela womnqumo nenhlanzi, kuthathelwe indawo yizindlela zokudla ezingenempilo kangako.
Izinkinga zemitholampilo kanye nokugula okuningi okuhambisana nakho
Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile akuvamile ukwenzeka ngokwako. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuhlobene izinkinga zezokwelapha ezingaphezu kuka-200 ezahlukeneLezi zimo zithinta izitho eziningi zomzimba. Phakathi kwezifo ezaziwa kakhulu yisifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zokuphefumula, izinkinga zemisipha nemisipha, kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza.
I-Spanish Society for the Study of Obesity (SEEDO) igcizelela ukuthi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyinto evamile. isifo esingamahlalakhona, esibangelwa yizinto eziningi, kanye nesifo esiphindaphindayoLokhu kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa "kwezifo eziningi" eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu oyedwa okhuluphele angaqoqa izifo ze-cardiometabolic, zokugaya ukudla, zokuphefumula, ze-neurological, ze-musculoskeletal, ezithathelwanayo, kanye neze-oncological ngasikhathi sinye, okwandisa umthelela empilweni yakhe kanye nasesimisweni sezempilo.
Ucwaningo olushicilelwe kumagazini wesayensi Intuthuko Kwezokwelapha Lolu cwaningo luhlaziye umthelela wezokwelapha kanye nowezomnotho wokulahlekelwa isisindo isikhathi eside kubantu abane-body mass index (BMI) ephakathi kuka-30 no-50 kg/m² eSpain. Imiphumela iyabonisa: eqenjini labantu abayi-100.000 abakuleli banga le-BMI, Ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba ngo-15% kunganciphisa amacala okuphefumula kokulala ngo-56,4%.U-39,2% wesibalo sabantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, u-20,2% wesifo sofuba kanye no-18,7% wesifo somfutho wegazi.
Ngokwezinto ezingokoqobo, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukunciphisa isisindo esiningi akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukubukeka komzimba kanye nokuhamba, kodwa futhi Kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuthola izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezinzima.Eziningi zalezi zimo zinezindleko zokunakekelwa kwempilo eziphakeme kakhulu futhi zidinga ukwelashwa impilo yonke. Izinkinga ezimbalwa ezihambisana nalesi simo ziholela ekuncipheni kokungeniswa esibhedlela, ukuncipha kwemithi ebizayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuncane kwezinsiza zokuxilonga nezokwelapha.
UDkt. Irene Bretón, uchwepheshe we-Endocrinology and Nutrition, ugcizelela ukuthi lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi kunezinhlangothi ezimbili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kweziguliabangase bazizwe benobuthongo obuncane emini, izinhlungu zamalunga ezincane, ubunzima bokuphefumula obuncane, noma iziqephu ezimbalwa ze-hyperglycemia; ngakolunye uhlangothi, Kunciphisa ingcindezi ohlelweni lwezempilo oluvele luthwele kanzima.ukukhulula izinsiza ezingabelwa ezinye izinkinga zezempilo ezibaluleke kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uDkt. Mar Malagón, umongameli we-SEEDO, uvikela isidingo sokufaka ukukhuluphala ngokweqile isikhungo samasu okuvimbela izifo ezingamahlalakhonaNjengoba isebenza njengendlela yokungena ezifweni eziningi, ikhuthaza izindlela eziningi ezihlanganisa izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, ukwelashwa kwemithi uma kuboniswe, futhi, ezimweni ezithile, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric noma ezinye izindlela zokungenelela eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Umthelela wokukhuluphala ngokwengqondo nangokwenhlalo
Ngaphandle kwezinkinga zezokwelapha ezibonakalayo, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kune- umthelela omkhulu emkhakheni wengqondo nowezenhlalo kulabo abahlushwa yiso. Abantu abaningi abakhuluphele ngokweqile babhekana nokucwaswa, ukubandlululwa emsebenzini, ukuzibona kabi, kanye nezimpawu zokucindezeleka noma zokukhathazeka ezithinta impilo yabo yansuku zonke kanye nekhono labo lokuxhumana nabanye noma ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele amandla abo.
Ucwaningo lwe-Weber Foundation luphawula ukuthi abantu abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile Babika ukuthi bahlanganyela kancane emisebenzini ethile yezenhlalo, yomsebenzi, kanye neyokuzilibazisa ngenxa yesisindo sabo. Lokhu kuhlanganyela okuncane kudala ukulahlekelwa yinhlalakahle okunzima ukuyilinganisa, kodwa okuhumusha kube amathuba ambalwa, ukuzihlukanisa nabantu, kanye nomjikelezo omubi phakathi kokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo kanye nobunzima emikhubeni eshintshayo.
Uma lezi zingxenye zifakiwe kumamodeli ezomnotho, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi izinzuzo zomphakathi ezingabonakaliLezi zifundo zinikeza inani lemali ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yokuphila, ukuzimela, kanye nokuhlanganiswa komphakathi okuzobangelwa ukuphathwa kwesisindo okungcono kubantu. Endabeni yaseSpain, kulinganiselwa ukuthi lezi zinzuzo zingaba ngaphezu kwama-€7.300 billion ngo-2025, ngokusekelwe kuphela ezimweni zokunciphisa isisindo okumaphakathi.
Le ndlela esekelwe enzuzweni yomphakathi ibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi Ukutshala imali ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni ukukhuluphala akuyona nje indaba yokusebenzisa imali kwezempilokodwa futhi maqondana nezinzuzo zomnotho kanye nenhlalakahle iyonke. Izinhlelo ezisebenzayo zokungenelela ekusindeni zinganciphisa ukungabikho emsebenzini ngenxa yezinkinga ezingokomzwelo, zithuthukise umkhiqizo, zandise ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi, futhi zinciphise umthwalo wezifo zengqondo ezihlobene.
Ngamafuphi, ukukhuluphala akukhokhelwa ngama-euro kuphela, kodwa futhi iminyaka yokuphila okunempilo elahlekile, amathuba emisebenzi aphuthelwe, kanye nokuhlupheka kwengqondo, kokubili kubantu abathintekile kanye nemindeni yabo kanye nezindawo eziseduze.
Izilinganiso zesikhathi esizayo: izindleko kanye nokonga okungenzeka
Uma kungathathwa izinyathelo eziqinile, lo mkhuba usikisela ukuthi Izindleko zokukhuluphala zizoqhubeka nokukhula eminyakeni ezayoUmbiko we-Weber Foundation ubikezela ukuthi, ngo-2030, izindleko ezihambisana nokukhuluphala ngokweqile eSpain zingafinyelela 161.477 million euro, kunabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-8,66 abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-29 abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abakhuluphele ngokweqile.
Lezi zibalo zicabanga ngesimo lapho ukwanda kokukhuluphala kuqhubeka nokwenyuka khona, ngokuvumelana nalokho okuye kwabonwa emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlaziywa okufanayo kukhombisa nokuthi Kunethuba elikhulu lokonga uma kufinyelelwa ukwehla okulinganiselwe noma okukhulu kwesisindo somzimba kubantu.kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngezinqubomgomo zomphakathi, izinguquko endaweni yokudla, noma ukuthuthukiswa kokufinyelela ekwelashweni okuphumelelayo.
Ngo-2025, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukunciphisa isisindo ngo-5 kuya ku-10% Kubantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile, lokhu kungadala ukonga okucishe kube 20.379 million euroEzimweni ezibaluleke kakhulu, lapho ukwehla kwesisindo kungu-20 kuya ku-25%, ukonga okungenzeka kungakhuphuka kakhulu. 68.151 million euroLokhu kungenxa yokwehla kwezehlakalo zezinkinga zezokwelapha, ukulaliswa esibhedlela okumbalwa, kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwezindleko ezingaqondile ngenxa yekhefu lokugula kanye nokukhubazeka.
Uma ukwanda kwamanje kokukhuluphala kulinganiselwa kubantu abalinganiselwa ngo-2030 futhi amazinga ahlukene okwehlisa isisindo ehlelwa, ukonga okuhlanganisiwe kungaba phakathi kwesilinganiso Ama-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-24.807 ukuze kwehliswe ngo-5-10% nokuningi kwe- Ama-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-84.293 ngokulahlekelwa okungu-20-25%Lezi zibalo zibonisa ngokusobala ukuthi ukuvimbela nokwelapha ukukhuluphala okuphumelelayo akuyona imali eningi, kodwa ukutshalwa kwezimali okunembuyiselo enkulu kakhulu kwezomnotho.
Esinye isilinganiso esifanele sibonisa ukuthi Ukwehla kwesisindo okuqhubekayo okungu-15% kubantu abakhuluphele eSpain kungabonisa ukonga okungama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-8.000 Kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi, ngenxa yokuncipha kwengozi kanye nokwanda kwezifo ezihambisanayo. Lolu hlobo lwemodeli lugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuthuthukisa amasu esikhathi eside anezinhloso ezingokoqobo kodwa eziqhubekayo.
Izici eziyingozi kanye nendima yokudla
Ukuze siqonde ukuthi kungani ukukhuluphala kukhuphuke kakhulu, sidinga ukubheka indawo esihlala kuyo. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, kube khona ukwanda okukhulu kwendlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kokudla okucutshungulwe kakhuluokunoshukela owengeziwe, usawoti, namafutha agcwele. Lezi zindlela ezimbili, zihlanganiswe nendawo ekhuthaza ukuzilibazisa okungenamsebenzi (lapho amathuluzi anjenge Umndeni we-PlayStation ukunciphisa isikhathi) kanye nokuthuthwa ngenjini, kudale indawo ephelele yokuzalela ukuze isisindo esiningi sibe yinto evamile.
Phakathi kwemikhiqizo eyinkinga kakhulu kukhona iziphuzo ezinoshukela, i-cola, ukudla okulula kwetshokolethi, amakhekhe, i-ayisikhilimu, amasobho asheshayo kanye nokudla okulula okunosawotiPhakathi kwezinye izinto, lokhu kudla kunikeza amakhalori amaningi ngobuningi obuncane, akubizi kakhulu, kutholakala kabanzi, futhi kunezindlela eziklanyelwe ukuba zithandeke kakhulu, okudala lokho abanye ochwepheshe abakuchaza njengokuziphatha okuluthayo.
Ukudla okucutshungulwe kakhulu kungasebenza njenge "imithi yokuklama" yangempela yokudla okunempiloLezi zinto ziyakwazi ukuvusa ukukhishwa kwe-dopamine okusheshayo nokunamandla ebuchosheni, okuzwela kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni koshukela namafutha. Imizimba yethu, ejwayeleke eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ukuze ivumelane nezimo zokuntuleka, isabela kakhulu kulezi zinto ezikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe nokweqile.
Kulesi simo, ukufunda chaza kahle ukulebula kokudla okunempilo Ukuqonda inani likashukela, usawoti, amafutha agcwele, nama-calories kumkhiqizo ngamunye kuba yinto ebalulekile kubathengi. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi oluthe xaxa futhi banciphise ukudla kwabo okunomthelela omkhulu ekukhuleni kwesisindo kanye nengozi ye-cardiometabolic.
Umbiko wakamuva uphakamisa ukuthi, uma iSpain ingafinyelela Ukwehla kwama-calories angu-20% ekudleni okunamandla amaningi (ikakhulukazi lezo ezinoshukela omningi, usawoti namafutha agcwele), izifo ezingathelelani ezingaphezu kuka-400.000 zingagwenywa ngo-2050. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-169 ngonyaka azokongiwa ezindlekweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo futhi kuzoba nokwanda kokukhiqiza kanye nemisebenzi ngenxa yabantu abanempilo.
Amasu okubhekana nale nkinga: ukuvimbela, ukwelashwa, kanye nezinqubomgomo zomphakathi
Umphakathi wesayensi kanye nezinhlangano zobungcweti ziyavuma ukuthi ukukhuluphala kufanele kuphathwe njengesifo inselele yezempilo, yezomnotho kanye neyezenhlalo yohlelo lokuqalaIseluleko esizimele asanele; kudingeka indlela ephelele ehlanganisa izinyathelo zomuntu ngamunye, zezokwelapha nezomphakathi, kanye nezinguquko ekudleni nasendaweni yasemadolobheni.
Esimweni somtholampilo, insika eyisisekelo ihlala iyi ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphilaUkudla okunempilo, okwenzelwe izidingo zomuntu ngamunye, kanye nokwanda okuqhubekayo komsebenzi womzimba kubalulekile. Ochwepheshe bavame ukuncoma ukuqongelela amahora angaphezu kwamathathu okuzivocavoca okulinganiselwe ngesonto, okungalingana, isibonelo, nokuhamba ngokushesha imizuzu engaphezu kwama-30 ngosuku, kanye neminye imisebenzi enciphisa isikhathi sokuhlala phansi.
Ezimweni lapho isisindo esiningi sibi kakhulu noma kukhona izifo eziningi ezihambisana naso, okulandelayo kuyasetshenziswa: ukwelashwa kwemithi ethile yokukhuluphala ngokweqile Futhi, ezimweni ezithile, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric. Nakuba imithi emisha eyasungulwa ekuqaleni ukulawula isifo sikashukela isithole ukuthandwa njengamathuluzi okunciphisa isisindo, ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi akufanele ibhekwe njengesibhamu somlingo, kodwa kunalokho njengesengezo sezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, futhi igcinelwe izinkomba ezithile.
Ezingeni labantu, izinqubomgomo zomphakathi ezihlose ukuthuthukisa ukudla okunomsoco kanye nomsebenzi womzimba Ziyisisekelo: kusukela emithethweni yokukhangisa ukudla okungenampilo okuhloselwe izingane ezincane, intela eziphuzweni ezinoshukela noma izikhuthazo zokuguqula imikhiqizo enciphisa ushukela, usawoti namafutha ayo, kuya ekwakhiweni kwamadolobha okwenza kube lula ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ukusebenzisa ibhayisikili noma ukuzijwayeza ezemidlalo ezindaweni zomphakathi.
Umyalezo oyisisekelo wezifundo ezahlukene ukuthi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuye kwaba ithathwa njengenkinga yezomnotho nezenhlalo isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ochwepheshe bafuna ukuthi ibekwe phakathi kwezinto eziza kuqala ohlelweni lwezempilo nolwezenhlalo, ngokufana nezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezivame kakhulu, ngoba ukungasinaki kubiza kakhulu kunokutshala imali ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni kwayo.
Uma kuhlanganiswa, lonke lolu lwazi lukwenza kucace ukuthi Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungaphezu nje kwenkinga ngesilinganiso.Kubeka izindleko ezinkulu ohlelweni lwezempilo, kunciphisa amandla ezomnotho wezwe, futhi kubhidliza ikhwalithi yokuphila kwezigidi zabantu. Ukubhekana nakho ngokungathi sína, ngokuhlanganisa izinqubomgomo ezisebenzayo, ukwesekwa kwezokwelapha, kanye nezinguquko zemvelo, kusho ukutshala imali hhayi kuphela empilweni kodwa nasekuzinzeni komnotho kanye nenhlalakahle ehlangene.
