- I-Apple ihlanganisa amalungelo obunikazi okuxhumana kokuthintana, ukuklama kwezimboni, kanye nokwakha izakhiwo ukuze ivikele yonke imininingwane yesimiso sayo semvelo.
- Umlando wemibono yesikhathi esizayo njenge-iPhone yengilazi noma amafoni agoqekayo wembula ukuthi ihadiwe yabo ingavela kuphi.
- Amalungelo abo obunikazi ahlanganisa namanethiwekhi, ukusayina kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, okuholela ezingxabanweni zomthetho ezinomthelela omkhulu.
- Amalayisense e-FRAND, iziqondiso zokusetshenziswa kophawu lokuhweba, kanye nezinqubomgomo zesizinda kugcwalisa uhlaka lwezomthetho oluvikela impahla yobuhlakani ye-Apple.
Uma abantu bekhuluma nge-Apple, cishe wonke umuntu ucabanga nge-iPhone, i-iPad, i-Mac, noma i-Apple Watch, kodwa ngemuva kwalowo nalowo mkhiqizo kulele iqiniso. ibutho lamalungelo obunikazi, imiklamo ebhalisiwe kanye nezinqubomgomo zomthetho ezinquma ukuthi zikhiqizwa kanjani, zithengiswa kanjani, ngisho nokuthi ubuchwepheshe bazo bungasetshenziswa kanjani.
Amalungelo obunikazi e-Apple ahlanganisa ingxube yezinto ezintsha esizisebenzisa nsuku zonke kanye nemibono ebonakala njengenganekwane yesayensi. izimpi zomthetho eziyizigidi eziningi zamaRandi kanye nemithetho eqinile mayelana nendlela abantu besithathu abangayisebenzisa (noma abangayisebenzisi) ngayo imisungulo yayo, izinhlobo, kanye nemiklamo. Ukuqonda le ndlela yokusebenza kusiza ukubona ukuthi kungani i-Apple ivikela kangaka impahla yayo yobuhlakani nokuthi kungani ithonya layo lidlulela ngale kwefoni ephaketheni lakho.
Amalayisense, i-FRAND kanye nezinqubomgomo zokusebenzisa: uhlaka olusemthethweni lwama-patent e-Apple
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ihlole izimpawu, izikrini, noma ama-iPhone esikhathi esizayo, i-Apple yenza kucace ukuma kwayo mayelana namalayisense namalungelo: inkampani igcina isikhundla sayo emphakathini mayelana Ama-Standard Essential Patents (SEPs) kanye namalayisense anemibandela ye-FRANDkanye nokubeka imithetho eqondile kakhulu yezimpawu zokuhweba, amalungelo okushicilela kanye nezizinda ze-inthanethi.
Amalungelo obunikazi abalulekile ezindinganisweni (isibonelo, lezo ezihlobene namanethiwekhi eselula noma izinqubo zokuxhumana) yilezo okungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kwazo ukusebenzisa indinganiso yobuchwepheshe ngendlela efanele. I-Apple, njengabanye abadlali abaphambili embonini, izibophezele ekunikezeni amalayisense la ma-SEP ngaphansi kwezimo ze-FRAND: okufanelekile, okunengqondo, nokungabandlululi.
Ifilosofi ye-FRAND ihlose ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kabi kwesikhundla sokuphatha: noma ngubani olawula ilungelo lobunikazi elibalulekile akanakuvimba umncintiswano, kodwa kumele ilayisense ngemibandela evumela ukusebenzisana kanye nokuncintisana kwamahhala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Apple izivikela ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zayo ezintsha ezibalulekile kunxeshezelwa ngokwanele.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkampani ishicilela iziqondiso zokusetshenziswa kwezimpawu zayo zokuhweba kanye nezinto ezinelungelo lobunikazi. Lezi ziqondiso zichaza izinga umuntu wesithathu angasebenzisa ngalo ilogo ye-Apple, izithombe zemikhiqizo yayo, noma ngisho izinkomba zombhalo ku-Apple nezinhlelo zayo ngaphandle kokungena enkingeni yezomthetho.
I-Apple iphinde ilawule ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kwesizinda sayo sezinga eliphezulu se-.Apple. Ngaphansi kwale TLD, okulandelayo kusebenza: izinqubomgomo nemigomo eqinile ukulondoloza isithombe somkhiqizo nokugwema ukusetshenziswa okungase kudide umthengi noma kusize ngokungemthetho idumela lenkampani.
Amalungelo obunikazi ashintshe ulwazi lomsebenzisi ku-iPhone nakwamanye amadivayisi
Ingxenye enkulu yempumelelo ye-Apple ivela ekuthandeni kwayo ukuqopha yonke imininingwane yokusebenzisana namadivayisi ayo. Izimpawu eziningi kanye nezici esizithatha kalula manje zivela kulokhu. amaphepha obunikazi abhalwe ngokucophelela i-Apple ewavikele enkantolo, ngezinye izikhathi kuhilela isinxephezelo sezinkanyezi.
Swayipha ukuze uvule: isenzo esidumile
Kwakukhona isikhathi lapho ukuvula i-iPhone kwakulula khona hudula umunwe wakho kusuka kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla esikrininiLeso senzo esibonakala singelutho saba esinye sezici eziyinhloko ze-iOS futhi sagcina sisempini enkulu yezomthetho phakathi kwe-Apple ne-Samsung.
Ilungelo lobunikazi livikele indlela ethile uhlelo oluhumushe ngayo isenzo futhi lubonise i-animation yokuvula. Impikiswano yaphela ngesivumelwano esikhulu. ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama- $120 ngokusiza i-Apple, okubonisa izinga lapho isenzo esilula singaba yimpahla yamasu.
I-Multi-Touch kanye nokucindezela okudumile kokusondeza
Elinye ilungelo lobunikazi elibalulekile emlandweni we-Apple liphathelene nohlelo lwe-Multi-Touch, ikakhulukazi isenzo se- cindezela ngeminwe emibili ukuze usondeze noma uhlehlise okuqukethweUSteve Jobs ngokwakhe wasekela le ndlela ye-iPhone yokuqala, washintsha indlela izigidi zabasebenzisi ezisebenzisana ngayo nesikrini.
I-Multi-Touch ayikhawulelwanga ekusondezeni: ilungelo lobunikazi lalimboze ukuqashelwa kwezindawo eziningi zokuthinta ngasikhathi sinye, okuvumela ukuthinta okufana noku zungezisa, pheqa ngeminwe emibili, bese uhlanganisa ukuthepha ngezenzo ezithuthukisiwe. Lokhu kushiye abancintisana abaningi besesimweni esibucayi uma kukhulunywa ngokusebenzisa ukusebenzisana okufanayo ngaphandle kokungqubuzana nezimangalo ze-Apple.
Izixhumanisi ezisheshayo: kusukela enombolweni yocingo kuya ekuthinteni komongo
Esinye salezo zici ezivame ukunganakwa, kodwa futhi ezivikelwe, yilezo ezibizwa ngokuthi izixhumanisi ezisheshayo noma "izitholi zedatha." Uma kuvela inombolo yocingo ku-Safari noma ku-Mail, ungakwazi Cindezela ukuze uqalise ucingo ngqo noma ulondoloze oxhumana nayeOkufanayo kusebenza kumakheli, izinsuku, nezinye izinto.
Lesi sici sasiyingxenye yamalungelo obunikazi i-Apple eyayiphikisana ngawo ne-Samsung, njengoba yayihilelekile ukuqaphela ulwazi oluyisisekelo ngaphakathi kombhalo bese uluhlobanisa nezenzo ezithile, ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi ngokuthinta okukodwa.
Ukuthinta kwe-3D: Ukucindezela njengohlobo olusha lokusebenzisana
Nge-iPhone 6s, i-Apple yethule i-3D Touch, ubuchwepheshe obengeze elinye izinga lokuxhumana kokuthinta: kwakungeyona nje indawo othinta kuyo eyayibalulekile, kodwa futhi ubusebenzisa amandla angakanani esikrininiYilapho kuvela khona ukuthinta "ukubuka" kanye "nokuvela", okwavumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlole okuqukethwe noma bakuvule ngokuphelele kuye ngokuthi bacindezelwe yini.
Nakuba i-Apple ekugcineni ithathe indawo ye-3D Touch ngezinketho ezisekelwe ekucindezelweni okude kanye nesofthiwe, ilungelo lobunikazi lihlala liyisibonelo sendlela Le nkampani ihlola izici ezintsha zokuxhumananoma zingakasungulwa kuzo zonke izizukulwane zamadivayisi.
Ipensela ye-Apple kanye nokuvela kwe-stylus
Ngokumangalisayo, uSteve Jobs wayenqikaza ukwamukela ama-stylus, kodwa isikhathi sibonisile ukuthi kwakukhona indawo ecacile yepensela ohlelweni lwe-Apple. Nge-iPad Pro, inkampani yethule i-Apple Pencil, esekelwa yi amalungelo obunikazi ahlobene nokutholwa kwengcindezi, ukutholwa kokuthambekela kanye nokubambezeleka okuphansi kakhulu.
Umphumela waba isengezo esaguqula i-iPad yaba yinothibhuku yedijithali yangempela ekwazi ukuphatha ukubhala ngesandla, ukudweba kobungcweti, kanye nezichasiselo zedokhumenti, okwandisa kakhulu i- ukukhiqiza kwabaculi, abafundi kanye nochwepheshe lokho kwakudinga ukunemba okungaphezu komunwe.
Izinhlobo ezintathu ze-Air: i-AirDrop, i-AirPrint, ne-AirPlay
Ngaphandle kwehadiwe, i-Apple iphinde ivikele kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bayo bokuxhumana okungenantambo. I-AirDrop (ukwabelana ngamafayela), i-AirPrint (ukuphrinta okungenantambo), kanye ne-AirPlay (ukusakaza umsindo nevidiyo) kusekelwe ku- inhlanganisela yamaphrothokholi, ukutholwa kwamadivayisi aseduze, kanye nezindlela zokuphepha yaklanywa yinkampani.
Ngenxa yalezi zivumelwano zobunikazi, i-Apple ithuthukise ulwazi lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthumela izithombe, amadokhumenti, noma okuqukethwe kwe-multimedia kusuka kudivayisi eyodwa kuya kwenye. ngaphandle kokubhekana nobunzima ngokulungiswa okuyinkimbinkimbiI-iPhone, i-iPad, i-Mac, kanye ne-Apple TV "ziyazana" cishe ngendlela emangalisayo, kodwa ngemuva kwakho konke kulele ubunjiniyela obuningi obuvikelwe ngokomthetho.
Umqhele Wedijithali Wewashi Le-Apple
I-Apple Watch yethule ingxenye encane kodwa ebalulekile: umqhele wedijithali. Akuyona nje noma yimuphi umqhele, kodwa into yokufaka ene imisebenzi enelungelo lobunikazi yokuskrola, ukusondeza, noma ukuthepha endaweni encane, kuyilapho kugcinwa ubuhle bewashi lendabuko.
Lo mqhele ungajikeleziswa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi futhi ungacindezelwa, okukuvumela ukuthi ulawule iwashi ngaphandle kokumboza isikrini ngomunwe wakho. I-Apple ikhethe ukufaka ilungelo lobunikazi kule ngxenye ngokuningiliziwe ukuze Akekho oncintisana naye ongaphinda kalula inhlanganisela yakhe efanayo yehadiwe nesofthiwe ku-smartwatch.
Ithoni Yangempela kanye Nokusebenza Kwasebusuku: ukunakekela amehlo akho usebenzisa isofthiwe nezinzwa
Olunye uhlobo lokusungula izinto ezintsha lugxile ekunethezekeni okubonakalayo. I-True Tone ilungisa izinga lokushisa lombala wesikrini ngokusekelwe ekukhanyeni okuzungezile ukuze lifane kakhulu nephepha, kuyilapho i-Night Shift ilungisa i-Night Shift. Ifudumeza isikrini ebusuku ukuze inciphise ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. futhi kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamehlo.
Le misebenzi ihlanganisa izinzwa zokukhanya, amaphrofayili ombala, kanye nama-algorithm okulungisa aguquguqukayo achazwe kuma-patents ahlukahlukene, kusukela ku- kusukela ekulinganiseni indawo yokukhanyisa kuya ekuguquleni i-spectrum yokukhishwa kwesikriniKonke kungaphathwa kusukela kuzilungiselelo > Ukuboniswa nokukhanya, kodwa uhlaka lwezomthetho oluzisekelayo luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
I-Touch ID: i-biometrics efinyeleleka kuwo wonke umuntu
I-Touch ID, eyethulwe nge-iPhone 5s, ilethe etafuleni isifundi seminwe esifakwe enkinobheni yasekhaya esasishesha kakhulu ngesikhathi saso. Ubuchwepheshe babusekelwe ku- inzwa enamandla ekwazi ukufunda imiphetho yeminwe ngokunemba okukhulu, kuhlanganiswe neprosesa evikelekile egcina idatha ye-biometric ngendlela ebethelwe.
Nakuba manje isebenza kahle ne-Face ID, abasebenzisi abaningi basayethemba kakhulu isithwebuli seminwe. Amalungelo obunikazi ngemuva kwe-Touch ID amboza konke kusukela ohlelweni lokubamba iminwe uqobo kuya endleleni... ukuhlanganisa leyo datha nokuqinisekiswa kwezinkokhelo, ukuthenga kanye nokuvula zedivayisi.
I-Face ID kanye nekhamera ye-TrueDepth
Isinyathelo esisodwa esiqhubekayo kwakuyi-Face ID, enelungelo lobunikazi eliyinhloko elisukela ngo-2013. Luhlelo lokubona ubuso olusebenzisa ikhamera ye-TrueDepth ukuze ukuphrojusa nokuhlaziya imephu yobuso bomsebenzisi enezinhlangothi ezintathuLokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukumkhohlisa ngezithombe noma izifihla-buso ezilula.
Eminyakeni edlule, ukuphepha kwayo kwangempela kuye kwaxoxwa ngakho, kodwa kuvunyelwene ngokuthi inikeza izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuvikela. Amalungelo ayo obunikazi ahlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-emitter e-infrared, izinzwa ezikhethekile, kanye nama-algorithms. Ukufunda komshini okuvumelana nokuhamba kwesikhathi, izibuko, noma ukukhula kwentshebeukugcina ukuthembeka kohlelo.
Uxhumano Lombani: Isixhumi esiphendukayo
Ngo-2012, i-Apple yanquma ukuyeka isixhumi esinamaphini angu-30 futhi yethula i-Lightning: ichweba elincane, eliguquguqukayo elikwazi ukunikeza amandla engeziwe kanye nokuguquguquka kwedatha okukhuluEzingeni le-patent, umklamo we-Lightning uhlanganisa ukuma kwesixhumi, ukwakheka kwephini, kanye nendlela yokuthola ukuqondiswa.
Ngaphandle kwezintandokazi zomuntu siqu, inzuzo enkulu ye-Lightning kwakuwukuhambisana kwayo; yayingenandaba ukuthi uyixhume kanjani—yayihlala ilingana kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yavumela i-iPad ukuthi inikeze amandla afinyelela ku-12W, okuyigxathu elikhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Akumangazi ukuthi ingxenye enkulu ye-Apple ecosystem yagcina iphelile. ukuthembela kulesi sixhumi iminyaka eminingi.
I-MagSafe: Ukuqina Kwemagnethi kusiza ukuphepha
Elinye ilungelo lobunikazi elidumile lingohlelo lokushaja olusebenzisa amandla kagesi iMagSafe lwama-MacBook (futhi muva nje, ama-iPhone). Lo mqondo ulula kodwa uyamangalisa: ikhebula lixhuma ngama-magnet, ngakho-ke uma othile elikhubeka, Ikhishwa ngaphandle kokuhudula i-laptop iye phansi..
Lo mklamo usindise ama-laptop amaningi abiza ngaphezu kwe-€1.000 kusukela ekuweni, futhi ube yisibonelo esihle sendlela i-Apple eyisebenzisa ngayo cabanga ngolwazi lomsebenzisi lonkekufaka phakathi lezo zinhlobo zezingozi zansuku zonke ezingabiza kakhulu, ngaphandle kwesisombululo esihlakaniphile.
Amalungelo obunikazi abonakala njengenganekwane yesayensi: i-iPhone yengilazi kanye namafoni agoqekayo
Akuwona wonke amalungelo obunikazi e-Apple ahumushela ngqo emikhiqizweni yezentengiselwano, kodwa amaningi anikeza umbono wokuthi inkampani ingase ibheke kuphi esikhathini esizayo. Ezinye iziphakamiso zibonakala zivele ngqo ebhayisikobho yesayensi, yize i-Apple ithatha inkathazo yokwenza lokho. ukuze bazivikele ngokomthetho uma kwenzeka zingenzeka.
I-iPhone eyingilazi ngokuphelele
Phakathi kwemibono ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu yileyo ye-iPhone eyakhiwe cishe ngengilazi kuphela. Ilungelo lobunikazi lichaza lokho abakubiza ngokuthi "ibhokisi lengilazi elinobunye," okungukuthi, idivayisi lapho Zonke ubuso eziyisithupha ziyindawo esebenzayo futhi akukho ukuhlukana okubonakalayo phakathi kwesikrini kanye nomzimba wonke.
Kulo mqondo, isikrini sizogoqa yonke idivayisi, sibonise isikhombikubona ngaphambili, ezinhlangothini, emuva, kanye nasemiphethweni efanayo. Uhlelo luzobona ukuthi uyibuka kuluphi uhlangothi futhi izothutha izakhi zesixhumi esibonakalayo ukuze uhlale unolwazi ngasohlangothini olubonakalayo, into efana nento exhumanayo ezwela ngokuphelele ukuthinta.
Ilungelo lobunikazi liphinde likhulume ngokuthi ubukhulu bengilazi buyahlukahluka kuye ngendawo, ukuze kwezinye izindawo ingakwazi ukuguquka kancane ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Lokhu kuzovumela ukubuyela emibonweni efana ne-Force Touch, kodwa esetshenziswa ku... zonke izindawo zedivayisi esikhundleni sesikrini sangaphambili kuphela.
Ngisho nezipikha nama-microphone zizosakazwa nxazonke, zinezimbobo nezinzwa ezizovumela i-iPhone ukuthi ibone Uyibamba kanjani futhi iyiphi ingxenye eseduze nawe? ukuze kusebenze ngokuguquguqukayo izingxenye ezifanele.
Lo mbono uhambisana namahemuhemu e-iPhone yokugubha iminyaka engama-20, ebizwa ngokuthi “i-Glasswing,” abanye abahlaziyi abayichaza njenge- “Ibhulokhi yengilazi entantayo” ihlelelwe u-2027Kukhona inkulumo nge-Face ID ngaphansi kwesikrini, ngaphandle kwe-notch noma i-Dynamic Island, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwengilazi njengento evelele.
Ubudlelwano nocwaningo ezikrinini ezigoqekayo
Okwamanje, i-Apple ibilokhu ibhalisela amalungelo obunikazi ahlobene namadivayisi agoqekayo iminyaka eminingi. Elinye lamalungelo obunikazi okukhulunywa kakhulu ngalo likhomba ku- I-iPhone egoqekayo enezimbobo ezimbili, ezintathu, noma ezineLokhu kuzoyivumela ukuthi isuke kufomethi yeselula yendabuko iye kokuthile okuseduze nethebhulethi uma ivuliwe ngokuphelele.
Lawa malungelo obunikazi achaza ukucushwa okuhlukene: imodeli yohlobo lwencwadi enehinji elilodwa, uhlobo lwe-triptych olunamahinji amabili, kanye noluyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu olune amahinji amathathu namaphaneli amane esikriniNgaphezu kwalokho, kucatshangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwesikrini sangaphandle esincane nesikrini sangaphakathi esikhulu.
Umqondo ongemuva kwale miklamo ucacile: ukunikeza idivayisi ehlanganisiwe, lapho ivaliwe, kulula ukuyiphatha nokuyisebenzisa njenge- I-smartphone ejwayelekile, kodwa leyo, uma ivuliwe, iguquka ibe uhlobo lwe-iPad encane. kokuqukethwe kwe-multimedia, ukukhiqiza, noma imidlalo.
Lo mqondo awugcini nje nge-Apple, njengoba imakethe ye-Android inamafoni asongekayo athuthukisiwe ngisho namamodeli asongeka kathathu afana nalawo avela ku-Huawei. Kodwa-ke, ukubhalisa i-Apple lezi zinhlobo kubonisa ukuthi Bahlola ngokujulile indlela abachaza ngayo ifomethi.yize kungekho umkhiqizo oqediwe othengiswayo okwamanje.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwala mafoni asongekayo kanye ne-iPhone yengilazi ecatshangelwayo abuqondile kodwa busobala: zombili izindlela zocwaningo zidinga ubuchwepheshe bokugoba, izendlalelo ezintsha zezinto, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile, kanye Izixazululo zokufihla amakhamera nezinhlelo ezifana ne-Face ID ngaphansi kwephaneliLezi yizinselele zobuchwepheshe ezisezingeni eliphezulu i-Apple esivele ibhekana nazo ngokubambisana nezimboni zokukhiqiza zengilazi kanye nezithuthukile.
Amalungelo obunikazi e-Apple eSpain kanye nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe besikhombimsebenzisi
Ngaphandle kwe-United States, i-Apple nayo inephothifoliyo yelungelo lobunikazi eSpain, iningi layo livela ku- Ukuqinisekiswa kwelungelo lobunikazi laseYurophu (uhlobo ES-T3)Abanye bavelele ngendlela abathuthukisa ngayo ukusebenzisana nezikrini zokuthinta noma bathuthukise izinhlelo zokuxhumana kanye nenethiwekhi.
Ukunqunywa kwesikhundla sesikhombisi esihlakaniphile kuma-touchscreen
Elinye lala malungelo obunikazi lichaza izinqubo zedivayisi ephathekayo enesikrini sokuthinta ukuze ikwazi bala ngokuguquguqukayo indawo yesikhombisi ngokusekelwe endaweni yokuthintana komunwe. Ayigcini nje ngokubona iphuzu eliphakathi, kodwa futhi ibheka ukusondela kwezakhi ezahlukene zesixhumi esibonakalayo.
Empeleni, uhlelo luhlaziya indawo yokuxhumana, lubala indawo yokuqala elinganiselwe, futhi lusebenzisa amapharamitha afana nebanga lenkinobho ngayinye noma isithonjana kanye "nenombolo yokusabela ekusebenzeni" enikezwe into ngayinye. Ngalolo lwazi, lunquma iyiphi into esetshenziswayo umsebenzisi abefuna ukuyicindezela kakhulu?.
Lokhu kucabanga kusiza ekulungiseni ukungalungi kwemvelo komunwe womuntu kanye neqiniso lokuthi sivame ukungathinti ngqo maphakathi nenkinobho. Umphumela uba isikhombikubona sokuthinta "esithethelela" amaphutha amancane kanye Kwenza okuhlangenwe nakho kubonakale kubushelelezi futhi kunembe kakhudlwanangaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi azi yonke leyo logic yangaphakathi.
Isikhungo sokwamukela izingcingo kanye nemidiya esilungiselelwe kahle
Elinye ilungelo lobunikazi elibhaliswe eSpain ligxile kutheminali yocingo ethola nokuqukethwe kwe-multimedia, njengethelevishini noma ividiyo yeselula. Inhloso yayo iwukuba Thuthukisa ukwamukelwa kwesignali ngokunciphisa ivolumu iyonke yedivayisi. kanye nokunciphisa ukuxhumanisa phakathi kwe-antenna yocingo kanye ne-antenna ye-multimedia.
Isixazululo esihlongozwayo siqukethe ukubeka i-antenna yocingo eduze kolunye lwezinhlangothi ezimfushane zomzimba we-terminal kanye ne-antenna ye-multimedia ohlangothini oluphambene, exhunywe kumugqa oqhubayo oxhumanisayo. Ibuyela emuva kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ezinde yedivayisi futhi idlulela ezingxenyeni zayo ezihlanganisiwe.
Ngakho-ke, lapho i-terminal ivuliwe noma isetshenziswa, umugqa womqhubi unobude obusebenza kahle kakhulu, obusebenza kahle kakhulu. Kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokwamukelwa kwesignali ye-multimedia. ukugcina usayizi wedivayisi uncane ngokwanele.
Ilungelo lobunikazi liphinde licabangele ukwakheka okuhlukene kwezihibe, okungaba okufana noma okuqondile ohlangothini olufushane lwejoyinti, ukuze idivayisi ibanjwe endaweni evulekile. indawo ezinzile endaweni eyisicaba, okwenza kube lula ukubuka okuqukethwe ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusekelwa okwengeziwe.
Isaziso esithuthukisiwe sezinguquko zepharamitha yokukhishwa
Elinye lamalungelo obunikazi aseSpain e-Apple libhekana nenkinga engabonakali kangako kumsebenzisi wokugcina, kodwa ebalulekile kwezokuxhumana: indlela yokwazisa abamukeli lokho isevisi yedijithali izoshintsha ipharamitha ethile yokusakaza, njengokuphindaphinda, ngaphandle kokulahleka kwedatha noma ukuphazamiseka kwesevisi.
Inqubo isekelwe ekuthumeleni ulwazi lwesikhathi ekusakazweni kwedatha olukhombisa isikhathi esithile lapho idatha izoqala ukukhishwa ngaphansi kwamapharamitha amasha, kanye nedatha uqobo. amanani abuyekeziwe, isibonelo imvamisa entshaNgalolo lwazi, umamukeli angahlela ushintsho lwemvamisa ngesikhathi esifanele.
Inzuzo ukuthi iswishi isobala ngokuphelele kumsebenzisi, igwema ukuphazamiseka noma ukulahleka kwephakethe. Kuyisibonelo esicacile sendlela i-Apple nayo ekwazi ngayo inethiwekhi yamalungelo obunikazi kanye nezixazululo zezinga lokudlulisela bese zihlanganiswa nezinsizakalo zokusakaza, ukusakaza ngedijithali, nezinye izinhlelo ezifanayo.
Ukutholwa kwephutha kumadivayisi enethiwekhi kusetshenziswa ama-probe e-ARP
Elinye ilungelo lobunikazi elithakazelisayo lichaza uhlelo lokuhlonza amadivayisi enethiwekhi aphendula ngokungalungile ku-ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), isibonelo ama-router asebenzisa Baphendula ngokungalungile kunoma yisiphi isicelo se-ARP yesixhumanisi sendawo.ukudala izingxabano kunethiwekhi.
Le ndlela iphakamisa ukukhetha ikheli le-IP elixhumanisayo nendawo bese ulithumela i-probe yokuqala ye-ARP. Uma impendulo itholakele, uhlelo luthumela i-probe yesibili kudivayisi efanayo, lucele ikheli le-Ethernet elihlotshaniswa nekheli le-IP elixhumene nendawo eligciniwe (njenge-169.254.255.255 noma i-169.254.0.0), amakheli anjalo Akufanele babelwe kunoma yiliphi iqembu.
Uma idivayisi nayo iphendula kuleyo probe yesibili, kusobala ukuthi iziphatha kabi, ngakho ikheli layo lifakwa ohlwini olumnyama oluhlotshaniswa nobubanzi bekheli lesixhumanisi nendawo. Ukusuka lapho, Noma iyiphi impendulo ye-ARP evela kuleyo divayisi ayinakwa kulolo hlu., ukugwema izinkinga ekwabiweni kwe-IP nokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwenethiwekhi.
Ilungelo lobunikazi lihlanganisa kokubili inqubo esetshenziswe yisofthiwe kanye nendawo yokugcina equkethe imiyalelo, kanye nedivayisi ngokwayo enezindlela zokuthumela nokuphatha ohlwini olumnyama, okubonisa indlela ebanzi yokusebenzisa I-Apple ivikela kokubili indlela kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Imiklamo edumile kanye namalungelo obunikazi amangalisayo ezitolo ze-Apple
Iphothifoliyo ye-patent ye-Apple ayigcini nje ngemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi. Le nkampani iphinde yabhalisa ngokucophelela amanye amalungelo obunikazi. izakhi zokuklama zezakhiwo nezezimboni zezitolo zabo ezibonakalayokuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi izitebhisi noma iminyango ethile ivikelwe yimpahla yobuhlakani.
Esinye sezibonelo ezaziwa kakhulu yizitebhisi zengilazi, ezitholakala ezitolo eziningana ze-Apple. USteve Jobs ubhalwe njengomsunguli kwamanye ala malungelo obunikazi okuklama, njenge-D478.999 kusukela ngo-2003, evikela i- ukwakheka kokuhlobisa kwezitebhisi zengilazi ezisobala ukuthi abalandeli abaningi bathole ithuba lokuvakashela ezitolo ezihamba phambili.
I-Apple iphinde yathola ilungelo lobunikazi lomnyango wengilazi oyisilinda wesitolo sayo saseShanghai, isilinda sengilazi esimangalisayo esiye saba yi- uphawu lokwakhaLawa malungelo obunikazi agcwalisa ukubhaliswa kokuhlelwa okujwayelekile kwezitolo zawo, aqinisa isithombe somkhiqizo wawo futhi avikele ngokomthetho imiqondo yawo yokuthengisa.
Iminyango ye-Apple Stores, okuhlanganisa nomklamo wayo kanye nohlobo lwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe, nayo ivikelwe yilungelo lobunikazi. Uma omunye umkhiqizo ufuna ukukopisha ubuhle balezi zicabha ngezinga elikhulu, kuzodingeka ukubhekana namalungelo obunikazi bempahla ye-Apple noma ukuxoxisana ngamalayisense abizayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani ibhalise izilungiselelo ezintsha ze-Apple Store ezineminyango emikhulu ejikayo kanye nezikrini ezinkulu odongeni olungemuva, ezifana nalezo ezibonakala ezitolo zakamuva eShayina. Ngisho ne- izinhlelo zokubonisa imikhiqizo ezixhunywe ematafuleni, ngamadivayisi aboshwe ngezikhonkwane zokuphepha kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla okuhlanganisiwe, kuyingxenye yezicelo zelungelo lobunikazi.
Ngaphakathi kwalesi sakhiwo sesitolo esibonakalayo, i-Apple iphinde yavikela izitendi ze-iPad ezizinikele lapho umkhiqizo uqaliswa, uhlelo lokuphepha olugcina amadivayisi evikelekile ematafuleni ukuvimbela ukwebiwa, kanye ukupakishwa okusebenzayo okukwazi ukunikeza amandla nedatha kumadivayisi ngaphakathi, umqondo owenzelwe ukupakisha okuhlakaniphile kanye nemiboniso esitolo.
Amalungelo obunikazi ezemvelo nawokupakisha: kusukela ezikhwameni eziphinde zasetshenziswa kuya ekupakisheni okusebenzayo
I-Apple ibilokhu iqinisa iphrofayili yayo yokuzinza isikhathi esithile, futhi lokhu kubonakala nasephothifoliyo yayo yempahla yobuhlakani. Isibonelo esiphawulekayo yisikhwama sayo sephepha esiphinde sasetshenziswa, hhayi ngoba siyisikhwama uqobo, kodwa ngoba indlela eklanyelwe ngayo ukugcina ukuqina kanye nokuqedwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngisho nokusebenzisa izinto ezisetshenziswe kabusha eziphesenti eliphezulu.
Izikhwama zamaphepha ezimhlophe ezisetshenziswe kabusha zivame ukuba mnene futhi zithambile, ngakho-ke i-Apple yaklama uchungechunge lwezinguquko ohlotsheni lwefayibha, isisindo, ukuqinisa isibambo, kanye neminye imininingwane yesakhiwo ukuze yakhe isikhwama. inobungani nemvelo kodwa iqinile futhi iyathandeka ukuze kufane nesithombe sezitolo zabo.
Ngokuphathelene nokupakisha, inkampani ibhalise izixazululo zokupakisha "ezisebenzayo" zamadivayisi kagesi, ezikwaziyo nikeza amandla nedatha kumkhiqizo ngenkathi upakishwaLokhu kuvula umnyango wokupakisha okungagcina idivayisi ishajekile, kuvumele imiboniso ngokusebenzisana nayo ngaphandle kokuyisusa ephaketheni, noma kubuyekeze isofthiwe ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa.
Lawa amalungelo obunikazi adlula lokho esikubonayo ekuqaleni: ngemuva kwebhokisi elincane neliklanywe ngokucophelela, i-real Ucezu lobunjiniyela oluklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa ulwazi kusukela koxhumana naye wokuqala. nomkhiqizo.
Icala lelungelo lobunikazi: lapho ukusungula izinto ezintsha kusho ukuya enkantolo
Isimo se-patent se-Apple besingeke siphelele ngaphandle kohlangothi lwayo olungajabulisi: ukuqulwa kwamacala. Ngaphezu kokuqulwa kwamacala nezinye izinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe, kube namacala lapho Izinkampani ezincane ziphumelele kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhiqizo we-apula.
Isibonelo samuva nje yingxabano nenkampani yaseSpain i-TOT Power Control, egxile kuma-semiconductor kagesi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana. Le nkampani ine- ubuchwepheshe obulawula ukuphazamiseka kwesignali yomsakazo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kumanethiwekhi e-3Gukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuphila kwebhethri.
Ngokusho kwalesi simangalo, kuthiwa i-Apple isebenzise i-algorithm ye-TOT enelungelo lobunikazi le-Power Control kuma-chip angenantambo ama-iPhone, ama-iPad, kanye nama-Apple Watches, ilungisa amandla asetshenziswa ngokusekelwe kusilinganiso sesignali-kuya-ukuphazamiseka. Impikiswano yayigxile kuma-patents amaningana ase-US, okubalwa kuwo Ijaji laqaphela ukwephulwa kwenombolo 7.532.865, enesihloko esithi “Indlela yokulawula amandla e-loop yangaphandle kanye nedivayisi yezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezingenantambo”.
Leli lungelo lobunikazi, elinikezwe ngo-2009 futhi eliphelelwa yisikhathi ngo-2027, lichaza uhlelo olulungisa ipharamitha ye-SIR-target (isilinganiso sesignali-kuya-ukuphazamiseka okufiselekayo) lapho kutholwa izinguquko esimweni sokuxhumana kweselula, ngenhloso yokuthi thuthukisa umthamo wenethiwekhi kanye nekhwalithi yokuxhumekaElinye ilungelo lobunikazi elihlobene, i-US-7496376-B2, alitholakalanga ukuthi liphuliwe esinqumweni.
Esivivinyweni, i-Apple yazama ukuqeda amalungelo obunikazi e-TOT Power Control, okuyisu elivamile kulezi zinhlobo zezingxabano, kodwa ijaji laseDelaware lala ngazwi linye leso sicelo. Inkampani yayiphumelele ngaphambilini ekutheni amanye amalungelo obunikazi eqembu lesithathu amenyezelwe njengangasebenzi, njengasempikiswaneni ne-AliveCor ngezici ze-Apple Watch, kodwa Kulokhu isu alizange lisebenze.
Umphumela waba yisinqumo esiyalela i-Apple ukuthi ikhokhe isinxephezelo ngendlela yezimali eziqhubekayo: Amasenti angu-25 ngedivayisi ngayinye ephula umthethoesikhundleni senkokhelo eyodwa yomhlaba wonke. Uma kuhlanganiswa ama-iPhone, ama-iPad, nama-Apple Watches athintekile, inani eliphelele lifinyelela cishe ku-$110,7 million.
I-Apple iveze ukungavumelani kwayo nesinqumo futhi ihlela ukufaka isikhalo, igcina ngokuthi ilungelo lobunikazi alisebenzi, kuyilapho i-TOT Power Control igubha lokho Ubuchwepheshe bayo bokonga amandla buqashelwe yijaji lase-USLeli cala libonisa ukuthi ngisho nenkampani enkulu efana ne-Apple ingabhekana nemiphumela emibi yezezimali uma kutholakala ukuthi yephule amalungelo empahla yengqondo yabanye.
Uma sibheka ndawonye, iphothifoliyo yelungelo lobunikazi le-Apple yembula inkampani ebhalisa izinkulungwane zemibono minyaka yonke—eminingi yayo engasoze yabona ukukhanya kwelanga—kodwa ngezinye izikhathi eguqula enye yalezi ziphakamiso ezibonakala zingenakwenzeka ibe umkhiqizo wangempela, oshintsha imakethe. Phakathi kwamalayisense e-FRAND, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwansuku zonke, imiklamo yezakhiwo eyingqayizivele, kanye namacala amakhulu aphesheya kwezilwandle, kusobala ukuthi Ama-patents angenye yezinsika ezithule lapho i-Apple ecosystem kanye nendlela yayo eyingqayizivele yokuqonda ubuchwepheshe kusekelwe khona..
