- PC-21, mai suna E.27, shine sabon mai horar da AGA kuma ya maye gurbin C-101.
- Haɗa na'urorin kwaikwayo na CPT/FTD da na'urorin avionic na zamani don rage farashi da sa'o'in tashi.
- Spain tana aiki da rundunar raka'a 38 da na'urar kwaikwayo 7, wanda ya sa ta zama mafi girma a Turai.
- Ƙarfin manufa: yaƙin da aka kwaikwayi, yaƙin lantarki, tashi da dare, da cikakken horo.
Kwalejin Janar na Air and Space Academy tana fuskantar kwas da aka yiwa alama ta zamani: da Pilatus PC-21 Ya zama kashin bayan horar da matukan jirgi a nan gaba. A San Javier (Murcia), haɗe-haɗe na jiragen sama na gaske da na'urar kwaikwayo ta ci gaba ta karɓo daga tsohon sojan C-101 don horar da 'yan wasa zuwa matakan zamani.
Daga cikin daliban da suka fara wannan mataki, Gimbiya Jami'ar Asturia ta yi fice. Kamar sauran ajin ta, za ta bi tsarin tafiyar da aka tsara tare da zaman nazari, sa'o'in na'urar kwaikwayo, da jirage tare da mai koyarwa akan PC-21. Manufar cibiyar ita ce 'yan takara su sami a m jirgin al'adu da cikakken bayyani na tsarawa da aiwatar da ayyukan iska.
Menene Pilatus PC-21 kuma me yasa Spain ta zaɓi shi?
PC-21, wanda ake kira E.27 A cikin Rundunar Sojan Sama da Sararin Samaniya, babban mai horar da turboprop ne wanda aka ƙera don kawo ƙwarewar kokfit kusa da na mayaƙin zamani, yana rage buƙatar matakan tsaka-tsaki a cikin. horo reactorsKerarre ta Pilatus Aircraft (Stans, Switzerland), mayar da hankali a kan samar da dabara jirgin sama hanyoyin da kuma ji daga farko.
Jirgin yana hawa a Pratt & Whitney PT6A-68B na kusan 1.600 shp wanda ke motsa farfela mai ruwa biyar, yana samun gudu kusa da 685 km/h da tsayin aiki sama da mita 11.500, tare da kewayon kewaye. 1.300 kilomitaWannan aikin yana ba da damar buƙatar bayanan martaba na horo a rage farashin idan aka kwatanta da jet.
Ƙwaƙwalwa, a cikin tsari na tandem (dalibi a gaba da malami a baya), gabaɗaya na dijital ne kuma yana haɗa nunin ayyuka da yawa, HUD da sarrafawa. HOTAS, da kuma autopilot da dabara da kewayawa na farar hula. Babban ɗakin ya haɗa da OBOGS (Onboard Oxygen Generation), anti-G da Martin-Baker CH16C Zero-Zero kujerun fitarwa.
Spain ta zaɓi wannan tsarin a cikin 2020 tare da sayan farko wanda ya haɗa da jirgin sama, na'urar kwaikwayo da tallafi, kuma farkon isar da saƙon ya isa San Javier a cikin 2021. Tare da ƙaddamar da ci gaba a cikin shekarun ilimi na 2022-2023 da kuma bayan, PC-21 ya ɗauki nauyin aikin. ginshiƙi na Basic Flight School.
An shirya sauyi daga C-101 don kula da ci gaba da horo da aminci na aiki, tare da 792 Squadron a matsayin sashin tunani don aiwatar da samfurin E.27 da ta. hadedde horo.
Ƙarfin horo da tsarin kan jirgin
Ƙarfin PC-21 yana cikin tsarin yanayin horo. Jirgin yana ba da damar daidaita yanayin horo. iska-da-iska fada, ci-gaba kewayawa, lantarki yaƙi da dare ayyuka, kazalika da sake haifar da kasawa, barazana da kwaikwaya amfani da makamai, tare da ainihin lokaci malami sa baki.
An haɗa wannan tsarin tare da na'urar kwaikwayo ta ƙasa: na farko CPTs (Cockpit Hanyoyi Masu Koyarwasannan kuma FTD (Na'urorin Horon Jirgin Sama) aminci mai girma. Kadet sun cika kewaye 50 hours a cikin na'urar kwaikwayo kafin shiga jirgin, wanda ke hanzarta koyo da kuma inganta lafiyar gida.
Na'urorin jiragen sama na zamani suna ba da haɗin kai tare da dabarun yaƙi na yanzu da hanyoyin: cikakken sarrafa manufa, hanyar haɗin bayanai, kewayawa na IFR da sanin halin da ake ciki Yaƙi mai girma, ba tare da tsadar sarrafa jet ba. HOTAS ergonomics da HUD suna sauƙaƙe canjin fasaha don yaƙi da dandamali.
Dangane da aminci, gidan da aka matsa lamba, kujerun fitarwa na Zero-Zero da tsarin anti-G suna ba da damar horar da manyan kaya tare da isassun tabo. Tsarin gine-ginen PC-21 yana sauƙaƙe duka biyun na asali jirgin kamar ci gaba da dabara, a cikin yanayi guda.
Baya ga raguwa a ainihin sa'o'in jirgin sama godiya ga simulation, ƙwarewar sauran masu aiki suna nuna babban tanadi: Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta kiyasta cewa za a iya rage farashin kowane matukin jirgi har zuwa 50%, saboda ƙananan amfani da sauƙaƙe kulawar turboprop.
Ƙaddamarwa a cikin AGA da tsarin koyarwa
Jirgin ruwan Mutanen Espanya ya kai ga 38 jirgi da na'urorin kwaikwayo guda bakwai na FTD da aka sanya wa San Javier, adadi wanda ya sanya Spain a matsayin mafi girma a Turai na PC-21. Tare da na'urorin horarwa, AGA yana tsara tsarin tafiya mai ci gaba wanda ya ƙare a cikin jirgin sama na solo, abin da ake kira "suelta," wanda ba duka ɗalibai ke cimma ba.
A aikace, kwas ɗin yana haɗa ka'ida, kwaikwayo, da fitattun fitattun malamai don tara adadin sa'o'in kokfit daidai. Tsarin yana da nufin ƙarfafa ƙwarewar sarrafa jirgin sama, aikin ƙirƙira kusa, motsin acrobatic, da jirgin kayan aiki, kafin ƙware a fagen fama da kai hari, sufuri, jirage masu saukar ungulu ko RPAS.
Ci gaban shirin yana nunawa a cikin ci gaba na ciki: AGA ya zarce na awa dubun farko jirgin a kan PC-21, tare da masu koyarwa irin su Laftanar Kanar Gonzalo López García de Carellán wanda ke jagorantar aiwatar da tsarin aiwatar da Tsarin Horarwa.
Squadron na 792 yana aiki da E.27 kuma yana ba da horo na asali. A cikin layi daya, na'urorin kwaikwayo suna ba wa malami damar sake haifar da yanayin gaggawa da kammala ayyuka tare da 180-digiri views da kwafin kwafi, yana haɓaka canja wuri zuwa jirgin sama na gaske.
Biye da tsari iri ɗaya da abokan aikinta, Gimbiya Asturias ta fara shekara tare da horarwa na ka'ida da na'urar kwaikwayo, sannan ta wuce zuwa jiragen sama tare da malami. fifikon da kwamandojin suka bayyana shine ta samu a 360 hangen nesa na shirya ayyukan iska, maimakon zama matukin jirgi mai aiki.
C-101 Relief, Eagle Patrol da Figures na Shirin
PC-21 ya maye gurbin tarihi C-101 Bayan fiye da shekaru arba'in a cikin sabis, sauyawa zuwa turboprops yana nufin ƙananan farashin aiki da yanayin horo kusa da tsarin na yanzu, tare da isasshen aiki don ci gaba da motsa jiki ba tare da hawan jirgin sama ba.
The Eagle Patrol, wanda matukin jirgi su ne AGA malamai, yana samun ci gaba a cikin canji zuwa PC-21. Kwarewarsu a cikin jirgin acrobatic da horar da ƙungiyar suna ƙarfafa samuwar jirgin da kuma hanyoyin da ake buƙata waɗanda ake tura su zuwa aji da FTDs.
Kocin Swiss yana aiki tare da sojojin sama a Switzerland, Faransa, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, UAE, Singapore, da Ingila. A cikin Spain, aiwatarwa ya kasance tare da shi goyon bayan masana'antu, kuma an ba da misali da tsare-tsare na taro da kuma kula da su a yankunan ƙasa don sauƙaƙe tsarin rayuwa.
A tsari, PC-21 yawanci yana aiki tare da ma'aikatan jirgin biyu, yana da MTOW kusa 4.250 kg (a cikin tsarin acrobatic a kusa da 3.100 kg) da kayan saukarwa wanda ya dace da amfani da horo mai zurfi. Ana kuma samun ingantaccen ƙarfin wutar lantarki na PT6A-68B a cikin sauran manyan masu horarwa.
Shirin kuma ya sami tsinkayar jama'a: a watan Yuni, Sarkin ya tashi a cikin PC-21 tare da wani malamin AGA, ranar da ta yi aiki don haskaka tsararrun tsararraki da wannan shirin ya kawo. tsarin koyarwa a gaban jiragen ruwa masu fita.
Tare da balagaggen jiragen ruwa, na'urorin kwaikwayo na ci gaba da tsarin koyarwa wanda ya haɗa ka'idar, kokfit da kuma hadaddun al'amura, Pilatus PC-21 Tana kafa kanta a matsayin kashin bayan AGA. Sauyawa C-101, ƙwarewar da malamai suka tara, da kuma kula da kafofin watsa labaru saboda sababbin tallace-tallace sun tabbatar da cewa San Javier ya riga ya yi aiki da tsarin yanayin horo wanda ya inganta ingantaccen aiki, ya ƙunshi farashi, kuma yana kawo horo na asali kusa da ma'auni na jirgin sama na yanzu.
